Xinxin Fan,Yu Lu,Yujun Xie,Xiaodong Yan,Wanyu Fan,Yuji Ishii,Boyang Yu,Renshi Li
Anemarrhena asphodeloides Bge. (AAB), a traditional medicinal herb, has a long history of delaying the aging process. Yet, the anti-aging effects of its polysaccharides have not been thoroughly investigated. This study marks the first exploration of the anti-aging activity of Anemarrhena asphodeloides Bge. polysaccharides (AABP). The MW of AABP-1a was determined to be 210.062 kDa, with a composition consisting predominantly of glucose and mannose in a molar ratio of approximately 4:1. The backbone of AABP-1a was mainly composed of →4)-2Ac-β-Man(1→ and →4)-β-Glc(1→ and a small amount of branched →4,6)-β-Glc(1→ and →3,4)-β-Glc(1→, the branching part was composed of →6)-β-Glc(1→ and t-α-Glc(1→. AABP-1a has antioxidant capacity and can improve cell cycle arrest mediated by senescence markers such as p53 , p21 , p16 and SASP, and reduce the accumulation of damaged DNA. In addition, it could reduce the activity of SA- β -Gal in zebrafish, prolong the lifespan of C. elegans and reduce the expression of lipofuscin. This study found a glucomannan and demonstrated its anti-aging activity in various aging models. These results provide a theoretical basis for further study of the anti-aging effect of AAB.
Sirui Han,Min Fan,Guichan Xu,Wenting Liu,Jingbo Chen,Yudong Lu,Shangyuan Feng,Ruiyun You
As a marker of cellular senescence and abnormal apoptosis, overexpression of β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) is currently associated with many cancers, Alzheimer’s disease, cataracts, osteoporosis, and other diseases related to cellular senescence. SA-β-gal detection using surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) is increasingly in the spotlight because of its acuteness and efficiency. This study aims to construct a sandwich-structure SERS substrate that can detect SA-β-gal in a sensitive, accurate, and cost-effective way, with a limit of detection of 4.79 × 10–5 U·mL–1. First, gold nanostars (Au NSs) were self-assembled on glass sheets, forming a monolayer gold surface, and the resulting substrate was defined as a gold nanoflake (Au-NF). Then 4-mercaptophenylboronic acid (PMBA) molecules were assembled on it. Lactose molecules served as a bridge between the substrate and SERS tags and were formed by Au NSs modified by PMBA and 4-aminothiophenol (PATP). When SA-β-gal came in contact with the functionalized Au-NF, with the SERS intensity at 1437 cm–1, the characteristic peak of 4,4′-dimercaptoazobenzene (DMAB) formed by PATP through laser irradiation decreased, indicating SA-β-gal activity. This structure allows the use of highly SERS-enhanced Au NSs while creating more hot spots between the SERS tags and substrate and improving the signal intensity without losing reproducibility and has potential in serum testing in the future.
Ophiocordyceps gracilis is a type of fungus commonly utilized in both health food and Chinese medicine. Herein, we prepared antioxidant hydrolysate from O. gracilis , and isolated and purified the prepared hydrolysate to obtain O. gracilis peptides-4-3-1 (OGP-4-3-1) grade with the highest scavenging activity on DPPH, ABTS and hydroxyl radicals. Three new peptides with high antioxidant capacity were identified as LFNHF, PLDRHPF and YPFLRPL, respectively. The three peptides can reduce the proportion of senescent cells conveying positive expression of senescence-associated-β-galactosidase (SA-β-Gal) and increase survival pace of H 2 O 2 -induced human hepatocellular carcinomas (HepG2 cells), and the protective effects on cellular against senescence might be related to their increase in the activities of antioxidant enzymes, as well as the decrease in the concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA) and reactive oxygen species (ROS). The molecular docking results indicated that they could form durable hydrophobic and hydrogen bonds with critical amino acid residues of the Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1), which could potentially modulate pathway of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) in conjunction with Keap1. In conclusion, the current research offers a theoretical foundation for the further development of the anti-aging effect of OGP, which has a broad application prospect in the fields of functional food and cosmetics.
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