The corrosion-resistant behavior of the films was investigated in conjunction with the principle of resistive switching, and the films were subjected to continuous repair by modulating the oxygen vacancies. Zn 1- x Ce x O resistive switching film was prepared on SS304 surface by one-step hydrothermal method combined with the following heat treatment. The surface morphology, crystal structure, composition, oxygen vacancy concentration and semiconductor type of Zn 1- x Ce x O film were determined. The corrosion resistance and resistive switching properties of Zn 1- x Ce x O films were measured by electrochemical tests, immersion experiment and resistive switching experiment. The oxygen vacancy formation energy, surface adsorption energy and diffusion energy barrier energy of Zn 1- x Ce x O film were calculated by density functional theory (DFT). The experimental results show that with the increasing of Ce doping concentration, the nano-flowers on the surface of Zn 1- x Ce x O film become sparse, and the lattice constants a and c increase, the oxygen vacancy concentration of the film gradually increases, while the corrosion resistance of Zn 1- x Ce x O film decreases. The corrosion resistance of Zn 0.98 C e0.02 O film is the best (99.36%). During resistive switching process, the polarization treatment will promote the conversion of Ce 3+ to Ce 4+ in film, reduce the formation energy and diffusion barrier of oxygen vacancies, and thus promote the formation and migration of oxygen vacancies in film and then convert the film into a low resistance state. Zn 1- x Ce x O films can stably switching between high and low resistance states, maintaining excellent corrosion resistance, which is of great significance for expanding the application of resistance switching principles in the field of corrosion protection.
Liquid metal batteries are an emerging and promising large-scale electrochemical energy-storage technology, the corrosion of which is a significant issue due to their high-operating temperature environment and an all-liquid structure. Herein, we have comprehensively investigated the corrosion behavior of SS304 in the Sb–Sn alloy under static conditions and cell-cycling conditions. The corrosion mechanism and the battery reaction process are clarified on the basis of electrochemical measurements and ex situ analyses. Fe and Ni of SS304 are considered to dissolve easily in the liquid Sb–Sn alloy rather than Cr, forming the Fe–Ni–Sb–Sn corrosion products. Due to corrosion, changes in the composition of the positive electrode cause an abnormal discharge voltage plateau and capacity fading. The appearance of low-discharge voltage plateau is mainly dominated by the reaction of Fe–Sb with Li. Sn in the positive electrode promotes the diffusion of dissolved elements and accelerates the corrosion of the current collector. This work concludes that Fe- and Ni-based alloys such as stainless steel are not promising positive current collectors of Li||Sb–Sn liquid metal batteries. It enlightens us to further find a conductive and corrosion-resistant protective coating or optimize the composition of the positive electrode.
This paper employs electrochemical methods (linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS)) to investigate the electrochemical behavior of platinum, glassy carbon, 304 stainless steel, titanium, and copper in 21 and 1 M LiTFSI electrolytes. The LSV results indicate that the electrochemical stability window of the materials varies with the electrolyte concentration, and the stability window is wider in the high-concentration system. Through Tafel polarization curves and EIS analysis, the overpotential of the charge exchange process differs due to the type of material and the concentration of the electrolyte, mainly attributed to the influence of the proportion of free water, electrolyte viscosity, and SEI film formation on electrode process kinetics. After comparative analysis, glassy carbon exhibits a higher overpotential than other materials at both the cathode and anode, effectively suppressing water decomposition. These findings provide theoretical support for the development of high-performance aqueous lithium-ion battery current collector materials.
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