Excessive residues of Co 2+ in Chinese herbal medicines (CHMs) have attracted much attention because of their potential health hazards. This research synthesized sulfur quantum dots (SQDs) with excellent stability and water solubility via a facile one-pot route. During the illumination with ultraviolet light (λ max = 320 nm), the as-prepared SQDs emitted bright blue fluorescence at 431 nm. Meanwhile, the prepared SQDs could be used as fluorescent nanoprobes for detecting Co 2+ , showing an excellent linear relationship (R 2 = 0.998) when the Co 2+ concentrations were 5–50 μM, and the determination of the limit of detection (LOD) yielded a value of 4.51 μM. The introduction of Co 2+ resulted in the efficient quenching of SQD luminescence, attributable to the inner filter effect (IFE) that occurs between SQDs and Co 2+ . Finally, the feasibility of the proposed methodology was demonstrated by achieving a recovery rate of 98%–106% and a relative standard deviation (RSD) of 0.75%–3.51% during the detection of Co 2+ in Salviae miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma . The results demonstrated that the fluorescent nanoprobes had broad application prospects in analyzing and detecting heavy metal ions in CHMs.
Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a unique clinical entity elicited by diabetes independent of other cardiovascular risk factors, of which the pathological mechanisms and treatment strategies remain largely undefined. This study aimed to clarify the role of unfolded protein response (UPR) signaling pathway in the pathogenesis of DCM, and to explore the effect of aqueous extract of Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma and Carthami Flos (DH) on DCM mice. Cardiac function of DCM mice was evaluated by echocardiography, and lipid profile of left ventricular was analyzed by untargeted lipidomics. The results showed that DH significantly improved the diabetic symptoms, cardiac dyslipidemia, and systolic dysfunction of DCM mice. UPR signaling pathway was significantly down-regulated in the left ventricular of DCM mice. DH significantly up-regulated the transcriptions of key transducers in UPR signaling pathway. Conditional knockout of Xbp1 in cardiomyocyte (a key regulator in UPR signaling pathway) eliminated the protective effect of DH on cardiac systolic function of DCM mice, which suggested that UPR signaling pathway, especially the Xbp1, was required for DH protection against DCM. In conclusion, DH improved cardiac function of DCM mice, and this effect was dependent on its regulation of UPR signaling pathway.
Keqiu Jiang,Peng Huang,Lianjun Luan,Kai Fan,Wenbo Guo,Zhihui Zhao,Yongjiang Wu,Zheng Han
For the first time, a reliable solid-phase extraction (SPE) procedure using iron (II, III) oxide (Fe 3 O 4 )/multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) composite as sorbents was proposed for purification and enrichment of zearalenone (ZEA) and four type A trichothecenes (T-2 toxin (T-2), HT-2 toxin (HT-2), neosolaniol (NEO) and diacetoxyscirpenol (DAS)) in Salviae miltiorrhiza Radix et Rhizoma (Danshen). The Fe 3 O 4 /MWCNT composite was synthesized by assembling Fe 3 O 4 with MWCNT by sonication through an “aggregation wrap” mechanism and several key parameters affecting the performance of SPE procedure such as the composition of sample loading solutions, washing and elution solvents were thoroughly investigated. After optimization, 2% acetonitrile aqueous solution as the loading solution, 5% methanol aqueous solution as the washing solution and acetone containing 0.5% formic acid as the elution solvent presented an excellent purification efficiency for the five targets in Danshen. Under the optimal sample pretreatment conditions followed by analysis with ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, satisfactory linearity (R 2 ≥ 0.991), high sensitivity (limit of quantification in the range of 1.20–4.80 μg kg −1 ), good recovery (73.7–91.9%) and acceptable precision (RSD, 2.1–13.3%) were obtained. The applicability of the validated method was further verified in real Salviae miltiorrhiza Radix et Rhizoma samples.
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