Tin-based materials are promising for iodine capture. However, they suffer from the instability of adsorption product SnI 4 that is easily hydrolyzed even in atmospheric environment due to the presence of moisture. Herein, we report a strategy of constructing the hydrophobic microenvironment on Sn 0 @SBA-15 materials, which isolates moisture and subsequently stabilizes SnI 4 . Hydrophobic Sn 0 @SBA-15 materials (P-Sn 0 @SBA-15) were fabricated by polymethylhydrosiloxane (PHMS) modification and applied for iodine capture. The obtained P-Sn 0 @SBA-15 exhibited a record high iodine adsorption capacity (2599 mg/g) among inorganic adsorbents . The dominant adsorption mechanism was found that Sn 0 reacted with I 2 to form SnI 4 . Remarkably, SnI 4 in P-Sn 0 @SBA-15 was stable up to 3 months exposure to humid atmosphere, while almost all SnI 4 in Sn 0 @SBA-15 was hydrolyzed. The obtained P-Sn 0 @SBA-15 could be added to the list of iodine adsorbents due to its excellent adsorption capacity and stability. Moreover, the facile strategy could provide reference for the development of other functional materials .
Jinhong Song,Chen Zhang,Zejian Zheng,Shizhe Huo,Yihan Lin,Fei Yang,Lei Liu
SnO 2 layer between Li 1.5 Al 0.5 Ge 1.5 (PO 4 ) 3 (LAGP) and lithium anode was prepared through simple scratch-coating process to improve interface properties. The physical phase, morphology, and electrochemical properties of Li/SnO 2 /LAGP structure were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and electrochemical analytical methods. It was found that SnO 2 layer effectively improved the interface stability of LAGP and lithium anode. The prepared Li/SnO 2 /LAGP/SnO 2 /Li symmetric cell exhibited a large critical current density of 1.8 mA cm −2 and demonstrated excellent cycling characteristics. The polarization voltages of symmetric cell were 0.1 V and 0.8 V after 1000 h of cycling at current densities of 0.04 mA cm −2 and 0.5 mA cm −2 , respectively. Li/SnO 2 @LAGP/LiFePO 4 solid-state full cells were also assembled, exhibiting a discharge specific capacity of 150 mAh g −1 after 200 cycles at 0.1C with capacity retention rate of 96 %. The good interface properties of Li/SnO 2 /LAGP structure are attributed to the transformation of SnO 2 layer into a buffer layer containing Li 2 O, Sn 0 , and Li x Sn y alloy during cycling process, which effectively inhibits the reduction reaction between LAGP and lithium anode.
Discarded cigarette butts, a kind of abandoned waste, have posed a threat to environments. Nevertheless, they are also an available carbon source serving as adsorbents. On the other hand, antibiotic overuse has brought potential risks to natural organisms. In this study, a novel adsorbent via anchoring zero valent tin (Sn 0 ) onto carbon derived from cigarette butts (Sn-CCB) was obtained to enhance the removal of antibiotic phenacetin (PNT) from aqueous solution. A series of characterizations were conducted to investigate the physical and chemical properties of Sn-CCB. Sn was proved to exist in the species of Sn 0 , which was uniformly distributed on the surface of the CCB material. Compared with CCB material, Sn-CCB possessed more excellent performance in three aspects below: (1) 70% growth of BET surface area (458 m 2 g −1 vs . 273 m 2 g −1 ); (2) 2.2 times of the maximum adsorption capacity (156.4 mg g −1 vs . 71.3 mg g −1 ); and (3) better hydrophilicity. The fitting results of pseudo-second-order kinetic model and FTIR spectra confirmed that the removal of PNT by Sn-CCB was chemisorption . Langmuir equation was more suitable to describe the adsorption of PNT with r 2 = 0.9989, indicating the mono-layer sorption . The feasibility of practical application was also assessed. The adsorbent exhibited excellent stability and reusability, and the maximum adsorption capacity still maintained 150.2 mg g −1 even after the fifth cycle. Coexisting ions (Cl - , HCO 3 - , and NO 3 - ), humic acid , and realistic water matrix all exerted humble effect on the adsorption of PNT. Furthermore, our results confirmed that Sn-CCB as an adsorbent for the removal of PNT in a column reactor was feasible.Therefore, this study provides us with an innovative strategy to prepare potential adsorbents using cigarette butts as a recycled material for the removal of antibiotics from aqueous solution.
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