Pt Nanoparticle-Modified Sn2O3 Nanoflowers with Fast Response for the Detection of Formaldehyde
The performance of gas sensor materials was normally enhanced by modifying the surface with a noble metal loading and controlling the morphology of the material. In this research, the Sn2O3 nanoflowers formed by ultrathin nanosheets are modified by loading Pt nanoparticles in varying proportions, and the materials were prepared through a hydrothermal method. The structure, morphology, band gap, and specific surface area of the as-prepared samples are characterized by various techniques, and the effect of the contact between Pt nanoparticles and Sn2O3 nanoflowers on the sensitivity, response/recovery time, detection limit, and selectivity of formaldehyde gas sensing is investigated. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) results confirm the uniform loading of Pt nanoparticles with sizes of 2–5 nm on the Sn2O3 nanoflowers. The performance test results reveal that compared to pure Sn2O3, the optimal operating temperature of the Pt-Sn2O3 sensor loaded with a mass ratio of 3% decreases from 200 to 90 °C, and the detection efficiency for formaldehyde gas is significantly improved. The response time is shortened from 143 to 39 s, and the recovery time is reduced from 237 to 58 s. The method exhibits high sensitivity (Ra/Rg = 3.66, 1 ppm) for low-concentration formaldehyde. Moreover, the gas sensor demonstrates excellent stability and repeatability. These outstanding performances are attributed to the large specific surface area and abundant reaction sites of the ultrathin Sn2O3 nanosheets as well as the catalytic effect of noble metal loading. The finding holds significant reference value and promising application prospects for rapid detection of low-concentration formaldehyde.
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