CARBON
·
2024
·
IF 10.5
Xiaoqi Mao,Longlong Dong,Yiya Zhang,Shuanglin Qin,Guodong Sun,Lianwen Wang,Yusheng Zhang
Synergistic improvement of strength and ductility is challenging in the engineering applications of titanium matrix composites (TMCs). Herein, we fabricated the TC4 composites reinforced with grain boundary micron-TiC and intragranular nano-Ti 2 Cu using spark plasma sintering (SPS) and hot rolling (HR) to achieve a good balance between strength and ductility. An interfacial reaction between Ti and C forms the grain boundary TiC, and the vast majority of intragranular nano-Ti 2 Cu precipitates to accommodate the severe lattice distortion caused by the solid solution of Cu in β-Ti phase. Benefiting from Ti 2 Cu nanoprecipitates and their ability to effectively suppress dislocation motion , precipitation strengthening, and dislocation strengthening are the main factors, in addition to grain refinement strengthening due to deformation processing , that contribute to the realization of the superior yield strength (YS) of 1360 MPa and ultimate tensile strength (UTS) of 1504 MPa in composites than TC4 matrix (YS = 986 MPa, UTS = 1160 MPa). Meanwhile, the interfacial strain-delocalization effect of TiC/Ti 2 Cu with Ti matrix, the shear-lag effect of TiC, and the sustained strain-hardening effect provided by TiC/Ti 2 Cu empower the composites with an outstanding ductility (fracture elongation of 8.4 %). This study highlights the untapped potential for improving the mechanical properties of Ti matrix composites.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
力学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
·
2024
·
IF 8.1
Hongzhan Lv,Liwen Zhang,Xiaoli Xi,Zuoren Nie
With the widespread expansion of titanium applications and its significant increase in usage, the issue of recycling titanium resources after consumption has emerged. Focusing on titanium alloys with high usage, such as TC4 (Ti-6Al-4V), this article proposes a titanium separation and recovery method based on molten salt electrolysis. This method thoroughly analyzes the characteristics of elements in TC4 and electrochemical principles, ensuring that vanadium in the TC4 alloy does not undergo electrochemical dissolution when the electrolysis potential is below 0.3 V vs Pt. Subsequently, through electrochemical analysis, it was discovered that the precipitation of aluminum ions is influenced by concentration. Therefore, by controlling the concentration of aluminum in the eutectic molten salt, such as increasing the electrolyte concentration and shortening the electrolysis time, the precipitation of aluminum can be effectively avoided. Under the experimental conditions mentioned above, vanadium elements deposit at the bottom of the crucible in the form of anode slime, while aluminum dissolves and remains in the electrolyte. Meanwhile, titanium ions in the cathode region undergo electron reduction and deposit in the cathode area in the form of titanium, thus achieving precise separation of alloy elements. Experimental verification shows that the purity of the obtained titanium reaches 99.17 atomic percent. Therefore, this molten salt electrolysis method, which combines the physical properties of alloy elements with electrochemical principles, not only provides a new perspective for the separation and recovery of titanium and other critical metals, but also offers new research directions for the recovery technology of other alloy elements.
研究领域:
冶金学
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材料科学
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电化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Coatings
·
2022
·Vol. 12
·期 10
·1503
·
IF 3.236
Wenbo Li,Min Feng,Lanlan Liu,Jun Zhang,Bo Hu,Qiao Cheng
Compressor blades made of TC4 that are serviced in marine environments suffer from severe active corrosion under the synergetic effect of NaCl and H2O(g). A SiO2-Al2O3glass composite coating was applied on TC4 substrate for protection by first air spraying slurry and subsequent a suitable sintering process. The corrosion behavior of the SiO2-Al2O3glass composite coating and uncoated alloy in marine environment under the simultaneous effect of NaCl(s) and H2O(g) at 650 °C were investigated. The results indicated that the SiO2-Al2O3glass composite coating presented good corrosion behavior and provided protection for the alloy; the superior corrosion resistance is mainly attributed to the favorable effect of the SiO2-Al2O3glass composite coating on inhibiting self-sustainable oxychlorination. The detrimental effect of Ti on self-sustainable oxychlorination mechanism in marine environment are discussed.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
腐蚀与防护
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
·
2023
·
IF 6.2
Chongyang Tao,Lanyun Li,Ni He,Guodong Sun,Chengze Liu,Junjie Xu,Mingyang Li,Longlong Dong,Yusheng Zhang,Lianwen Wang,Mingjia Li
In this study, low energy ball milling and spark plasma sintering techniques prepared the in-situ synthesized Ti 5 Si 3 reinforced Ti-6Al-4V (TC4) matrix composites and then rolled them at high temperatures. In the composites with high Si content, the Ti 5 Si 3 particles distributed at the interface of α-phase and β-phase agglomerated and then formed a quasi-continuous network structure, which will deteriorate the plasticity of the composites. After hot rolling, the grains of the composite were significantly refined, and more Ti 5 Si 3 particles were precipitated. With the increase in Si content, the tensile strength of sintered composites increased slightly, but the elongation decreased greatly. After hot rolling, the tensile strength of the composite increased significantly with an increment of 359.4 MPa, among which the composite with 0.6 wt% Si achieved a synchronous increase in strength and plasticity. The strengthening mechanism of sintered composites included dislocation strengthening, solution strengthening, and grain refinement, among which dislocation strengthening and grain refinement were the main strengthening mechanisms. The strengthening mechanism of rolled composites was mainly the dislocation strengthening caused by rolling, the grain refinement, and the mismatch of thermal expansion coefficient.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
机械工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Corrosion Communications
·
2021
·
IF 0
Hao-Jie Yan,Zhong-Fu Tai,Lian-Kui Wu,Fa-He Cao
Thickness controllable SiO 2 coating was fabricated on TC4 alloy by electrodeposition. The oxidation behavior of TC4 alloy with SiO 2 coating was studied at 700 °C. The effect of electrodeposition time on the coating thickness, morphology, and oxidation performance was studied. Results showed that with the increase of electrodeposition time, the thickness of the SiO 2 coating almost linearly increased, while the oxidation resistance improved firstly and then decreased. During high-temperature oxidation, the SiO 2 coating could react with the substrate and strengthen the interfacial structure. To further enhance the oxidation performance, before thermal exposure to air, the SiO 2 coating protected TC4 alloy was sintered in argon. This resulted in the generation of a compact and glass-like oxide scale which could effectively prevent the inward diffusion of oxygen and the outward diffusion of titanium, therefore significantly enhancing the oxidation performance of TC4 alloy.
研究领域:
材料科学
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表面工程
·
高温材料
·
电化学
✓ 已验证
DOI
Journal of Manufacturing Processes
·
2024
·
IF 6.1
Yongfeng Yang,Lin Zhang,Jing Liu,Mingxia Wu,Jian Liu,Yi Yang
To explore an eco-friendly approach to improve the milling performance of TC4 (Ti-6Al-4 V) alloy, pulsed magnetic field treatment and magnetofluid are simultaneously applied to the NbN-coated cemented carbide (WC–12Co) milling tools. To evaluate the coupling effect of pulsed magnetic field treatment with magnetofluid, milling experiments of TC4 were conducted under cutting fluid and magnetofluid lubrication , respectively. The milling force, tool wear, and workpiece surface quality of magnetic field treated tools were compared with those of untreated tools. When the cutting fluid was lubricated, the magnetic field treatment reduced the feed force by 8.8 %. In contrast, the magnetic field treatment reduced the feed force by 20.7 % when the magnetofluid was lubricated, which reduced tool wear and also weakened coating flaking. The coupling of the magnetic field treatment and the magnetofluid significantly improved the milling performance of the tool, reducing surface roughness by 40.9 % compared to the untreated tool with cutting fluid lubrication. The enhanced milling performance mainly results from the coupling effect of magnetic field treatment and magnetofluid, which has a strong magnetic response to the treated tool and the magnetofluid was attracted to the magnetized tool, enhancing the lubrication of the contact area. In addition, the enhanced mechanical properties (8.2 % increase in hardness, 13.1 % decrease in elastic modulus , and 4.5 % increase in thermal conductivity) resulting from the pulsed magnetic field treatment reduces the milling temperature (11.7 °C) also contribute to the enhanced milling performance.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
机械工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Journal of Materials Research and Technology-JMR&T
·
2025
·
IF 6.6
Hao Zhang,Linwei Li,Shicheng Wei,Hongjie Luo,Xinyang Wang,Yujiang Wang,Lei Guo,Bo Wang,Yi Liang
In this study, porous titanium and porous TC4 (Ti-6Al-4V) titanium alloy with a porosity of 55±2% were fabricated using the magnesium particle space holder-distillation-sintering process. Through performance tests and microstructural characterization, the differences and underlying mechanisms of their quasi-static and impact compression properties were investigated. Under quasi-static compression, the energy absorption density (65.01±11.70 MJ/m 3 ) and energy absorption efficiency (75.58±2.95%) of porous TC4 were significantly superior to those of porous titanium (28.77±3.16 MJ/m 3 and 59.98±5.05%, respectively), corresponding to 2.26 times higher in energy absorption density and 1.26 times higher in energy absorption efficiency. Macroscopically, porous TC4 exhibited a prolonged stress plateau owing to sufficient deformation and slow crack propagation. Microscopically, Al and V pinned dislocations, inhibited dynamic recovery, and promoted the formation of stable low-angle grain boundary (LAGB) networks, thereby avoiding strain localization. Under impact compression tested via SHPB over strain rates of 1282–4290 s -1 , porous TC4 demonstrated a more pronounced strain-rate strengthening effect. This is attributed to the elevation of the Peierls–Nabarro stress and the introduction of the solute drag effect by Al and V, which rendered dislocation motion highly dependent on strain rate. The study elucidates the regulatory role of alloying elements, quantifies the contribution of micro-factors to strain-rate strengthening, identifies Al and V as the core elements for performance enhancement, and provides key theoretical and technical foundations for the optimization of porous metallic materials.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
生物医学工程
·
金属材料
·
力学性能
·
组织表征
·
能量吸收材料
·
增材制造
·
生物材料
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
·
2021
·Vol. 48
·期 3
·3081-3095
·
IF 4.527
Mingchao Wang,Zhaoli Chen,Jingxuan Liu,Zhaojie Feng,Jingfang Zhang,Wenzheng Zhai,Haijun Zhang
To meet the high demand for ceramic/superalloy composite structural components in various fields, an advanced high-temperature adhesion technique was firstly developed by preparing a novel inorganic/organic hybrid adhesive suitable for ZrO 2 and TC4 . Chemical bonding started to work at ∼600°C, and became the crucial bonding mechanism at elevated temperatures. The formation of ZrSiO 4 and Ti 5 Si 3 at the interfaces of two substrates not only increased the interfacial connection strength , but also formed two gradient layers with a size of ∼2 μm to effectively alleviate the difference of composition and performance between the adhesive and substrates. In the temperature range of 500–900°C, the matching degree of CTE among ZrO 2 , adhesive and TC4 is higher, and the maximum difference does not exceed 3×10 -6 K -1 . Meanwhile, the formation of a composite structure containing various ceramics (ZrO 2 , SiC and ZrB 2 ) and intermetallics (Ni–Si, Al–Ni), and the improvement of structural compactness of adhesive from 500 to 900°C greatly improved the bonding strength to the maximum value of 31.4 MPa at 900°C. Also, the adhesive pretreated at 900°C showed good thermal cycling resistance, and the strength was still higher than 15 MPa after 50 cycles. For cured adhesive, when used directly in an extreme environment, it can provide bonding strength not less than 5 MPa in the whole temperature range, indicating that the adhesive possessed potential emergency repair convenience. This work significantly broadened the application of high-temperature-resistant adhesion technology in the connection of dissimilar ceramics and alloys.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
复合材料
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界面工程
·
高温功能材料
·
连接技术
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
·
2024
·
IF 11.2
Rong Liu,Yan Gao
Preparing metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) film in situ on the surface of the Ti-6Al-4V (TC4) titanium alloy is challenging owing to the dense and stable surface TiO 2 passive film. In this study, titanium-doped zirconium-based MOFs (Zr(Ti)-MOFs) film was constructed in situ on the TC4 alloy in one step at a low temperature and atmospheric pressure, with ZrCl 4 as the source of Zr metal ions. ZrCl 4 attacked and dissolved the TiO 2 film to form Zr-O-Ti bonds on the surface of TC4 to provide nucleation sites for further reactions. At the same time, Zr 4+ and dissolved Ti 4+ combined in solution to form Ti containing Zr-O cluster nodes, which aggregated and grafted to the Zr-O-Ti bonds on the substrate surface, and reacted with organic ligands (terephthalic acid) to form Zr(Ti)-MOFs film. The Ti 4+ dissolved from the TC4 participate in the Zr-MOFs formation, thereby changing the high temperature and high-pressure conditions required for the traditional preparation of Zr-MOFs (UiO-66). The in situ preparation of Zr(Ti)-MOFs on TC4 was achieved at 80°C under atmospheric pressure conditions. This study elucidated the growth mechanism of Zr(Ti)-MOFs on the TC4 surface, providing a reference for the design and in-situ preparation of multifunctional MOFs on the TC4 titanium alloy.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
表面工程
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
·
2024
·
IF 5.1
Zhiwei Su,Yi Ren,Yanwen Zhou,Caibo Yan,Tingdong Ren
To improve the biological fouling and corrosion resistance of Ti6Al4V (TC4) in marine environments, copper-containing titanium dioxide (TiO 2 (Cu)) films were prepared by magnetron sputtering TiO 2 (Cu) powder targets. The morphologies of the films showed that they became rough and coarse from 1.6 nm of the TiO 2 film to approximately 9 nm of the TiO 2 (Cu) films, which might be owing to the increase in the deposition rates from 1.33 to 2.08 nm/min. No diffraction orientations of the TiO 2 and Cu phases were found compared to those of the TiO 2 (Cu) powder. Ti, O, and Cu were detected using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy to confirm the composition of the films. The ratio of Cu 2+ increased as the Cu content of the films increased, whereas that of Cu/Cu + scarcely changed. The TiO 2 and TiO 2 (Cu) films exhibited photocatalytic effects and their photocatalytic intensities decreased as the Cu content increased. Hydrophobicity was enhanced by the addition of Cu to the film. The antibiological fouling effect of the TiO 2 (Cu) films remained unchanged as the Cu/Ti ratio varied. Compared with those of TC4 , the corrosion current densities of the TiO 2 (Cu) films decreased by one order of magnitude and the corrosion potentials increased by 350 mV in artificial seawater , indicating that the corrosion resistance of TiO 2 (Cu)/TC4 was improved. Importantly, Cu was in abundance in the films for both antibiological and corrosion resistance functions owing to the saturated ratio of Cu/Cu + irrespective of the Cu/Ti ratio in the films.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
海洋工程
·
生物医学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
·
2025
·
IF 6.3
Wenshuang Ma,Tao Deng,Lingling Ma,Youbing Li,Tian Xia
Plastic-metal hybrid (PMH) provides a new direction for aerospace and automotive rail transit fields to achieve lightweight. Hot pressing has broad application prospects in plastic/metal hybrids. Before the realization of TC4(Ti-6Al-4V)/PA66(Nylon 66) hybrid by hot pressing, different porous microstructures were prepared on the surface of TC4 by controlling the micro-arc oxidation (MAO) voltage (220 V, 240 V, 260 V, 280 V). Effect of different porous ceramic structures on the hybrid interface. Research shows that the microscopic porous ceramic structure on the surface of TC4 can enhance the surface wettability and wear resistance of TC4. Promote the embedding of PA66 into the TC4 surface to achieve mechanical interlocking. Different microstructures have different effects on bonding strength and failure modes. Especially at 240 V, the interface maximum bonding strength is 11.56 Mpa, and the interface failure mode is a mixed failure caused by plastic cohesion failure and plastic pull-out. In addition, XPS detection generates new chemical bonds, such as Ti-O and -C-Ti-O, at the hybrid interface. Compound reinforcement of mechanical interlocking and chemical bonding is achieved at the interface. In conclusion, these results are crucial for further designing and optimizing plastic-metal hybrids prepared using micro-arc oxidation.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
航空航天工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Journal of Materials Research and Technology-JMR&T
·
2020
·
IF 5.289
Wei Wang,Yaping Liu,Gang Wang,Caiwang Tan,Wei Cao
In this study, the carbon fiber reinforced ZrB 2 -SiC composite ceramic was joined to Ti6Al4V alloy with Ag-Cu eutectic alloy filler at varied holding time and a fixed temperature of 800℃. Interface microstructure and shear strength of brazing joints were studied. The brazed ZSC f ceramics/AgCu/TC4 alloy is endowed with good metallurgical bondings. A typical interfacial structure of joints brazed for 10 min was found as ZSC f /TiC/Ti 5 Si 3 /Ag(s,s)/Cu(s,s) + TiC/TiCu/Ti 2 Cu/(TiC + TiCu)/TC4 alloy. Increase of holding time did not vary the precipitated phase of the joints but decreased thickness of the Ag(s, s) and Cu(s, s) reaction layer and gradually thickened the Ti-Cu reaction layer near the TC4 side. The formation process of reaction products was discussed in detail. The holding time substantially influenced shear strength of the joints. A maximum shear strength of 39 MPa was reached at a brazing time of 20 min.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
焊接工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）