DESALINATION
·
2023
·
IF 9.9
Qiu-Yu Zhu,Zi-Yun Xu,Jie-Han Fu,Jie Huang,Zhen-Liang Xu,Min Tong,En-Chao Li,Yong-Jian Tang
Currently, most nanofiltration membranes exhibit satisfactory separation performance on the anions or cations, and few membranes could concurrently separate anion and cation . Therefore, preparing nanofiltration membranes with excellent separation performance for both anionic and cationic ions remains a challenge. Herein, we have developed a series of nanofiltration membranes using conventional interfacial polymerization with different ratios of trimesoyl chloride (TMC) and piperazine (PIP) concentrations. In the interface polymerization process, the amine groups carried by PIP imparted a positive charge, while the hydrolysis of acyl chloride groups resulted in the generation of carboxylic acid groups that introduced a negative charge. The mix-charged nanofiltration membrane could be fabricated by varying PIP/TMC concentration ratios. The optimized membrane exhibited high rejection rates for bivalent ions (Na 2 SO 4 rejection of 96.6 %, MgCl 2 rejection of 93.0 %), and its selectivity for Mg 2+ /Li + mixed solution was improved significantly. This work provides a novel approach for the development of nanofiltration membranes capable of effectively separating mono-/divalent ions.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
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DOI
高影响因子
CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
·
2023
·
IF 5.2
Zhangyi Huang,Zhengwei Zhu,Mingyu Su,Yang Shi,Mao Deng,Ruichong Chen,Zhijun Wang,Zhi Zhou,Jianqi Qi,Haomin Wang
This study investigated the high-temperature oxidation behaviors of TMC ceramics. The results indicate that the high-temperature oxidation curves of the four TMC ceramics follow a parabolic law, suggesting a diffusion-controlled process. The activation energies for the oxidation of TaC, NbC, TiC, and ZrC ceramics are 105.4, 124.3, 169.3, and 78.7 kJ/mol, respectively, with oxidation rate constants at 1000 °C of 16.84, 40.45, 0.18, and 14.43 mg 2 /cm 4 ·h for each ceramic, respectively. The temperatures at which the ceramics disintegrate into fragments in high-temperature air are 800, 800, >1000, and 600 °C, respectively. The anti-oxidation performance of the four TMC ceramics ranks as follows: TiC > TaC > NbC > ZrC. In comparison to the reported high-entropy carbide ceramics, the TiC ceramic in this study demonstrates superior anti-oxidation performance due to dense TiO 2 layer formation, characterized by significantly low oxidation rates and excellent structural stability.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
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DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE
·
2022
·
IF 10.53
Lan-Qian Li,Yong-Jian Tang,Zhen-Liang Xu
In the practical application of nanofiltration (NF) membrane, regular chemical cleaning is necessary to eliminate the membrane fouling and ensure the normal operation of the system. Generally, the commercial NF membranes can be divided into MPD-TMC membranes and PIP-TMC membranes of which the permeability and pH resistance cannot be balanced. In this work, the ultra-low concentration monomers of MPD and TMC were used to fabricate the dense polyamide layer of NF membrane through a conventional interfacial polymerization reaction. The newly prepared membrane exhibited a smooth surface with very low roughness. Besides, the pore size distribution and desalination performance including water permeability and salt rejection of our membrane were comparable to the lab-made and commercial PIP-TMC membranes. The membrane was also confirmed to have an excellent separation efficiency to SO 4 2− /Cl − anions and good resistance to extreme pH conditions. Overall, this study presents a new insight for the preparation of high-performance NF membrane with good chemical stability.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
环境工程
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DOI
高影响因子
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
·
2024
·
IF 8.1
Chengling Bai,Zhengyang Gu,Xuerui Gao,Ruijun Zhang,Jingwen Tang,Qian Xiao,Shuili Yu,Rongsheng Ning
Piperazine (PIP)-based polyamide (PA) nanofiltration (NF) membranes exhibit limited rejection of divalent cations due to their negatively charged surfaces and insufficient compactness, restricting their broader application in various water treatment processes. To overcome this challenge, a novel strategy—stepwise increasing TMC concentration (SITC) during the interfacial polymerization (IP)—was proposed to optimize the PA layer structure. Conventional PA layer demonstrates a vertical diffusion structure: a compact barrier region underneath a thick and loose region. The regulatory goal of SITC is to enhance compactness while minimizing the increase in hydraulic resistance. The regulatory mechanism suggested SITC could regulate the IP reaction in both over time (throughout the IP process) and across the reaction region. During the initial IP stage, SITC reduced the reaction rate and increased PIP/TMC ratio in the bottom reaction zone, thereby improving the compactness and potential of final bottom barrier region. Thus, SITC can effectively restrict the permeation of cations, significantly increasing MgCl 2 rejection from 33.70 % to 92.12 %. In the subsequent diffusion-limited stage, SITC enhanced the restriction on PIP diffusion, decreasing the thickness of the final upper loose region and surface potential. Those advantageous characteristics allowed the membrane to maintain a high rejection for Na 2 SO 4 (>98.44 %). Concurrently, the membrane maintained a high water permeance (13.00 L·m −2 ·h −1 ·bar −1 ), attributed to the thin (16.69 nm) and optimized compactness distribution of its PA layer. This study provided a novel mechanism insight into the functional customization of NF membranes by decoupling the synthesis-property-performance relationship.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
环境工程
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DOI
高影响因子
DESALINATION
·
2018
·
IF 6.603
Ping Xu,Wei Wang,Xiaoming Qian,Haibo Wang,Changsheng Guo,Nan Li,Zhiwei Xu,Kunyue Teng,Zhen Wang
To effectively separate Mg 2+ and Li + from salt lake brine with high Mg 2+ /Li + mass ratio, a positive charged nanofiltration membrane with abundant -NH 3 + and -NH 2 + was designed and fabricated via interfacial polymerization between polyethyleneimine (PEI) and trimesoyl chloride (TMC) on the polyethersulfone ultrafiltration membrane. Zeta potential test revealed that at pH below 9.3, the resulting membrane exhibited a high positive charge due to a large amount of unreacted amine groups on the PEI branch. In the separation process, Donnan exclusion effect dominated the separation performance of resulting membranes for Mg 2+ and Li + . The results showed that the Mg 2+ /Li + mass ratio declined from initial 20 to 1.3 and the separation factor S Mg , Li was as low as 0.05 with a pure water permeation of 5.02 L/(m 2 hbar) after filtration with resulting NF membrane. The difference between the rejection for Mg 2+ and Li + reached up to 76%. Compared with membrane in previous studies, the separation performance for Mg 2+ and Li + of positive charged NF membrane prepared in this work increased more than one time. This research demonstrated the potential of positive charged PEI-TMC composite NF membrane for the separation of Mg 2+ and Li + from salt lake brine with high Mg 2+ /Li + mass ratio.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
环境科学
·
化学工程
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DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE
·
2019
·
IF 7.015
Bingbing Yuan,Pengfei Li,Honghong Sun,Shengchao Zhao,Peng Li,Haixiang Sun,Q. Jason Niu
Polyamide membranes based on trimesoyl chloride (TMC) have captured the majority of the market share for desalination in water treatment. The TMC based membrane is prone to form calcium bridges with the organic foulants due to the relatively strong deprotonation ability of the benzoic acid generated from the incomplete reaction of the acyl chloride monomers . The foulants are thus rapidly deposited on the surface of the TMC based membrane, which results in the deterioration of water production and decrease of membrane lifespan. Herein, we have fabricated a polyamide membrane based on novel trimesoyl-[4,4-dimethyl-5(4H)-azlactone] (TMDMA) monomer instead of TMC monomer. Since the carboxylic groups of the prepared TMDMA polyamide nanofilm are not directly connected to the phenyl ring, the acidity coefficient ( p K a ) value is higher and, consequently, deprotonation ability is expected to be weaker. To confirm this theory, we have conducted the fouling experiment on TMDMA based membrane using alginate as a model foulant and compared that with TMC based polyamide membranes. A lower flux decline (33%) and higher cleaning efficiency (90.72%) are observed for the TMDMA polyamide membrane, while the flux decline and cleaning efficiency for the TMC based polyamide membrane are 52% and 49.52% respectively. Furthermore, the average Ca 2+ density of the TMDMA polyamide membrane surface before and after cleaning are 81.52 mg m −2 and 21.61 mg m −2 respectively, which are lower than that of the TMC based polyamide membrane surface. Thus, it is clearly showing that the surface of the TMDMA polyamide membrane is not prone to form calcium bridges with foulants due to the weaker complexation between Ca 2+ and the carboxylic acid groups.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
环境工程
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DOI
高影响因子
WATER RESEARCH
·
2025
·
IF 12.4
Huijun Yu,Xieyang Xu,Yingsong Liu,Chenshuo Wang,Linxuan Gao,Jianbing Wang
Nanofiltration (NF) offers an energy-efficient approach for lithium recovery from brines. Conventional NF membranes rely on the positively charged polyamide layer formed via interfacial polymerization (IP) of polyethyleneimine (PEI) and trimesoyl chloride (TMC) to repel Mg 2+ more strongly than Li + , but their Mg 2+ /Li + selectivity remains constrained by limited control over pore size distribution. Here, we develop polyamide (PA) layers using amphiphilic dioctyl sulfosuccinate sodium (DOSS)-mediated electrospray interfacial polymerization (DEIP). Electrospray-assisted polymerization at the interfaces of abundant immiscible microdroplets produces thinner PA layers with reduced transport resistance and accelerates monomer diffusion in a non-selective manner. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulation and density function theory (DFT) calculations further reveal that DOSS selectively regulates the diffusion behavior of PEI and TMC within microdroplets, enabling the formation of PA layers with uniform pore structures and a positively charged surface. These structural advantages deliver precise ion sieving for lithium extraction, achieving a Mg 2+ /Li + selectivity of 142 and water permeance of 13.45 L·m −2 ·h −1 ·bar −1 . The DEIP membrane also demonstrates stable Mg 2+ /Li + separation over seven days of continuous NF operation. This work underscores the promise of DEIP membranes for high-efficiency lithium extraction and highlighted their potential for practical brine-based lithium recovery.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
膜技术
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分离科学
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环境工程
·
锂提取
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
DESALINATION
·
2025
·
IF 9.8
Shuwei Jia,Jun Wei,Xinyu Ma,Zhi Wang
High-efficiency lithium extraction from salt lakes is pivotal to meet escalating lithium demand driven by energy storage and electric vehicle industries. In this study, the small-molecule aminoacetonitrile (AAN) was introduced as an aqueous-phase co -monomer to modulate the interfacial polymerization process between polyethyleneimine (PEI) and trimesoyl chloride (TMC). Specifically, the primary amine in AAN molecules reacted with acyl chloride moieties in TMC, occupying reaction sites and thereby preserving a larger fraction of unreacted primary amine groups on the PEI chains within the separation layer, which significantly enhanced the membrane's surface positive charge. Simultaneously, the nitrile groups of AAN preferentially coordinated with Li + ions to effectively counteract the repulsive effect of the strongly positively charged membrane surface on Li + . This “charge-coordination” synergistic mechanism enabled precise control over the separation process. When treating mixed salt solution with a Mg 2+ /Li + mass ratio of 100, the optimized membrane achieved a separation factor of 74.7, along with enhanced MgCl 2 rejection of 99.3 % compared to virgin membrane's 93.9 %, and reduced LiCl rejection from 56.3 % to 49.3 %. Notably, upon treatment of simulated salt lake brine, the membrane manifested a pronounced Li + enrichment effect, with a LiCl rejection rate of −8.8 % while retaining a high MgCl 2 rejection capacity. This study employed a simple preparation process with industrialization potential, providing a guiding strategy for constructing high-selectivity membranes for Mg 2+ /Li + separation.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
膜科学与技术
·
分离工程
·
能源材料
·
无机非金属材料
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
POLYMERS FOR ADVANCED TECHNOLOGIES
·
2019
·Vol. 31
·期 5
·1059-1066
·
IF 2.162
Shaohua Wen,Yongfei Li
Biodegradable polylactide (PLA) and its copolymers with shape memory properties have attracted great interests because of their important application prospects in biomedical field. In this study, random poly(L-lactide-co-trimethylene carbonate-co-ε-caprolactone) (LTCL) terpolymers with different molar ratio were synthesized and characterized. Monomer ε-caprolactone (ε-CL) was used in this study instead of glycolide in preliminary study of LTG terpolymers to investigate the transition temperature and the shape memory performance. Characterization on crystallization, mechanical properties, shape fixing, and recovery ratios of the terpolymers was conducted to investigate the correlation between crystallization and shape memory performance of LTCL terpolymers. The results are consistent with the formation of crystallized LLA segments, which could act as crosslinks, strengthened the stationary phase within the polymer matrix, and significantly improved the shape memory performance of LTCL terpolymers. For example, LTCL801010 is a crystalline polymer with high shape fixity and shape recovery ratio; its shape recovery temperature is 39°C. LTCL terpolymers with high CL content do not show shape memory performance for the rubbery at room temperature. Based on this study, PLA materials with shape memory property can be designed through the selection of monomers or the adjustment of comonomer ratio. These polymers with recovery temperature close to 37°C are expected to be used in human body such as scaffolds in tissue engineering.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
生物医学工程
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DOI
高影响因子
VACCINE
·
2014
·
IF 3.485
Qingfeng Liu,Chi Zhang,Xiaoyao Zheng,Xiayan Shao,Xi Zhang,Qizhi Zhang,Xinguo Jiang
The frequent outbreak of respiratory infectious diseases such as influenza and pulmonary tuberculosis calls for new immunization strategies with high effectiveness. Nasal immunization is one of the most potential methods to prevent the diseases infected through the respiratory tract. In this study, we designed a water-soluble system based on antigen/ N -trimethylaminoethylmethacrylate chitosan conjugates for nasal immunization. N -trimethylaminoethylmethacrylate chitosan (TMC) was synthesized by free radical polymerization of chitosan and N -trimethylaminoethylmethacrylate chloride and identified by 1 H NMR and FT-IR. Thiolated ovalbumin (OVA) was covalently conjugated to maleimide modified TMC with high conjugation efficiency. OVA conjugated TMC (OVA–TMC) significantly increased uptake of OVA by Raw 264.7 cells, which was 2.38 times higher than that of OVA/TMC physical mixture (OVA + TMC) at 4 h. After nasal administration, OVA–TMC showed higher transport efficiency to superficial and deep cervical lymph nodes than OVA + TMC or OVA alone. Balb/ C mice were intranasally given with OVA–TMC three times at 2-week internals to evaluate the immunological effect. The serum IgG, IgG1 and IgG2a levels of the OVA–TMC group were 17.9–87.9 times higher than that of the OVA + TMC group and comparable to that of the intramuscular group. The secretory IgA levels in nasal wash and saliva of the OVA–TMC group were 5.2–7.1 times higher than that of the OVA + TMC group while the secretory IgA levels of the intramuscular alum-precipitated OVA group were not increased. After immunofluorescence staining of nasal cavity, IgA antibody secreting cells were mainly observed in the lamina propria regions and glands of nasal mucosa. OVA–TMC showed little toxicity to the nasal epithelia or cilia of rats after nasal administration for three consecutive days. These results demonstrated that antigen conjugated TMC can induce both systemic and mucosal immune responses after nasal administration and may serve as a convenient, safe and effective vaccine for preventing respiratory infectious diseases.
研究领域:
免疫学
·
药剂学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
APPLIED ORGANOMETALLIC CHEMISTRY
·
2017
·Vol. 32
·期 3
·e4177
·
IF 2.319
Shaohua Wen,Yongfei Li,Weixing Chen,Yaping Lei,Chunyan Luo,Yonggang Hou
A series of L-lactide (LLA), 1,3-trimethylene carbonate (TMC) and glycolide (GA) terpolymers (LTG) of different monomer molar ratios were synthesized by using ring-opening copolymerization. An effective and low-toxic zirconium (IV) acetylacetonate Zr(Acac) 4 was used as catalyst. The viscosity-average molecular weights ( M η ) of obtained polymers were all above 2.2×10 4 g/mol. The chemical structure and viscosity of terpolymers were confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), 1 H nuclear magnetic resonance ( 1 HNMR), 13 C nuclear magnetic resonance ( 13 CNMR) and an Ubbelohde viscometer. The thermal and mechanical properties were investigated by means of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and stress-strain measurements. Results suggested that all terpolymers were amorphous and showed good thermal stability. Also it was found that elongation increased with the decreasing of LLA unit. More importantly, terpolymers displayed shape memory property when deformation temperatures were 14-15 °C above T g .
研究领域:
高分子化学
·
材料科学
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DOI
高影响因子
ACS Applied Polymer Materials
·
2026
·
IF 5.2
Ying Cheng,Yanxia Sun,Shengde Dong,Luxiang Ma,Xin He,Qi Xu,Ziyu Wang,Yu Tang,Ping Li,Chunxi Hai,Yuan Zhou
The nanofiltration (NF) membrane, as an emerging lithium resource extraction technology, precisely screens Mg2+ and Li+ through the Donnan effect and steric hindrance. However, most NF membranes still struggle to break through the “trade-off effect”, and how to effectively overcome this effect to achieve a balance between high ion rejection and high permeability remains a great challenge. In this study, sodium alginate (SA) was added to the aqueous phase during the preparation of polyethylenimine-trimesoyl chloride (PEI-TMC) NF membranes. The bifunctional groups of SA can achieve synergistic effects: −COOH can produce electrostatic interaction with PEI to reduce amine sites, while −OH can form a competitive relationship with PEI to reduce the reactivity of amine groups, thereby forming a loose and thin separation layer. The permeability was significantly improved, and its water flux increased from 34.68 L·m–2·h–1 to 92.04 L·m–2·h–1, representing a nearly 3-fold increase compared to the PEI-TMC NF membrane. At the same time, the reduction of amine groups participating in the reaction under the optimal conditions increases the positive charge on the membrane surface, maintaining the original high separation performance SLi+/Mg2+=21.18). Through a three-stage nanofiltration process, the Li+/Mg2+ ratio in real salt-lake brine can be reduced to 0.86, and the improved adsorption-membrane coupled process can further reduce the Li+/Mg2+ ratio to 0.04, significantly reducing the interference of high-concentration Mg2+ in the lithium extraction process. Finally, this study systematically compared the cost and environmental impact of the modifier used in this work with those of other common modifiers. The results show that the proposed modifier is cost-effective and environmentally friendly, with higher feasibility for practical industrial applications. Therefore, this work exhibits promising application prospects in the field of lithium extraction from salt lakes.
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高影响因子
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