MINERALS ENGINEERING
·
2021
·
IF 4.765
Hongxiang Xu,Li Zhang,Zengrui Pang,Zhenlei Wang,Weichao Li,Jiushuai Deng
Ionic liquids were extensively used in many extraction and separation processes for metal ions because of excellent dissolving and selecting ability. The COSMO-RS method was applied for selecting suitable ionic liquid from 80 kinds of ionic liquids. Hydrophilicity, solvent solubility, distribution ratio were considered as important factors for selecting suitable ionic liquids. [N1888][P507] was suitable ionic liquid for extracting and separating heavy rare earths. A solvent extraction system containing ionic liquid [N1888][P507] and molecular extractant TRPO to separate heavy rare earths was studied. The results showed that the mixture of the [N1888][P507] and TRPO contributed to high extractabilities and selectivities of heavy rare earths. The abilities to form third phase and product emulsification phenomenon decreased with the concentration ratio of TRPO and [N1888][P507] increasing. The extraction mechanism of HREEs was deduced as ion association. The quantitative stripping of HREEs from loaded organic phase could be achieved with deionized water and low concentration of hydrochloric acid. The article showed that the mixture of [N1888][P507] and TRPO might be an effective and environmentally friendly extractant for extraction and separation of heavy rare earths.
研究领域:
化学工程
·
环境科学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
·
2024
·
IF 2.8
Yang Li,Fen Luo,Jiahong Wang,Yu Gao,Gangchuan Ji,Xirui Lu
This study used a ternary Na 2 O-B 2 O 3 -SiO 2 matrix to simulate the immobilization of complex TRPO waste. The study investigated the relationship between the solidified bodies with different TRPO waste contents and their solid solubility, FT-IR, Vickers hardness, and density. The study found that the maximum amount of TRPO waste that can be immobilized in the Na 2 O-B 2 O 3 -SiO 2 matrix was 20 wt .%. When the TRPO waste content ranged from 5-15 wt .%, it was primarily immobilized in the glassy phase. When the TRPO waste content exceeded 20 wt .%, the crystalline phases NdBO 3 and Na 3 Nd(BO 3 ) 2 , which contain the main waste element Nd appeared. Samples containing 20 wt .% TRPO waste resulted in leaching of 10 -6 g·m -2 ·d -1 . The presence of NdBO 3 and Na 3 Nd(BO 3 ) 2 crystals resulted in a decrease in the Vickers hardness and density of the samples. The highest values for Vickers hardness and density were 6.77 GPa and 2.7 g -1 cm -3 , respectively. The borosilicate matrix utilized in this study has proven to be an effective immobilization of complex TRPO wastes and holds promise as a treatment matrix for TRPO wastes.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
环境科学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
AICHE JOURNAL
·
2024
·
IF 3.5
Guimei Zhou,Wenjun Yan,Shufan Yan,Dandan Gao,Debin Zeng,Dongdong Li,Dewen Zeng
Solvent extraction of lithium by β-diketones from alkaline brine has been known to be an efficient process. However, its relatively high working pH, consequently the high alkaline consumption and substantial dissolution loss in raffinate, limit its industrial application. Herein, a novel lithium extractant, i.e., 2-hydroxy-5-nitro-4- n -octoxy-benzophenone (referred to as N531), was proposed, which can extract lithium at relatively lower pH with remarkable low alkaline consumption and dissolution loss. Exactly, the pH corresponding to half lithium extraction is 8.5, and the Li/Na separation factor is ~500. The extractant concentration in the raffinate varied from 0.8 to 9.3 mg L −1 , depending on the pH and salinity. An application case was given to extract lithium from the raw brine of Zabuye salt lake, indicating that N531 is a commercially prospective extractant to extract lithium from alkaline brine.
研究领域:
化学工程
·
材料科学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
·
2015
·
IF 2.605
Long Fan,Xiaoyan Shu,Xirui Lu,Yi Xie,Yi Ding,Tao Duan,Bingrong Dang,Yanlin Wu
The present work explores the potential of Gd 2 Zr 2 O 7 pyrochlore based materials for incorporation of trialkyl phosphine oxides (TRPO) waste which is a mixture of multi-nuclides with multi-valence. A series of (Gd,A) 2 (Zr,B) 2 O 7 ceramics were synthesized to investigate the influence of multi-nuclides incorporation on phase structure and aqueous stability of Gd 2 Zr 2 O 7 . XRD and BSE results show that all the ceramics exhibit a single pyrochlore structure. Raman spectroscopy reveals that the degree of structural order for (Gd,A) 2 (Zr,B) 2 O 7 solid solutions increases with enhanced TRPO waste content. In addition, aqueous stability testing was carried out using the MCC-1 static leach test method. The results demonstrate that the normalized release rates of the elements in TRPO waste are kept in a low value below 10 −4 g m −2 d −1 . La shows the highest normalized release rate of all the involved elements, while Zr exhibits the best chemical stability.
研究领域:
材料科学
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核化学与放射化学
·
环境科学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN CERAMIC SOCIETY
·
2020
·
IF 4.495
Zhangyi Huang,Qiuyao Li,Yutong Zhang,Junjing Duan,Haomin Wang,Zhe Tang,Yao Yang,Jianqi Qi,Tiecheng Lu
A nitrate–citrate combustion method combined with microwave sintering was firstly employed for the rapid fabrication of the Gd 2 Zr 2 O 7 matrix immobilizing various amounts of simulated nuclear wastes . Phase evolutions, microstructure changes, element distributions, densification processes and mechanical properties of the as-prepared (1 – x )Gd 2 Zr 2 O 7 · x TRPO (0.0 ≤ x ≤ 0.6) at various temperatures were investigated. Compared to the reported studies, we have increased the immobilization amount of simulated TRPO waste within a crystal structure from 45 to 60 wt%. T d and T g (the threshold temperatures to trigger accelerated densification and grain growth, respectively) were employed to divide the densification process into three stages. the mechanical properties and the densification stages of the (1 – x )Gd 2 Zr 2 O 7 · x TRPO (0.0 ≤ x ≤ 0.6) ceramics sintered under microwave sintering at various temperatures were finally determined. Fine-grained (1 – x )Gd 2 Zr 2 O 7 · x TRPO (0.0 ≤ x ≤ 0.6) ceramic waste forms with average grain size less than 200 nm and relative density higher than 90% can be obtained by microwave sintering at sintering temperature less than 1400 °C.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
核废料管理
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
HYDROMETALLURGY
·
2025
·
IF 5.3
Xiaozhou Zhou,Tong Zhong,Wenjuan Guan,Mingyu Wang,Shengxi Wu,Xinsheng Wu,Zuoying Cao,Qinggang Li,Guiqing Zhang
Lepidolite is one of the important resources containing Li, Rb, and Cs. Currently, sulfate roasting is the predominant industrial method for processing lepidolite. However, this approach faces challenges including low comprehensive recovery, high energy consumption, and significant reagent usage. This study introduces a clean and efficient technology for recovering Li, Rb, and Cs from lepidolite, based on alkali and water cycles. The process encompasses collaborative leaching with a mixture of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH) 2 ), selective impurity removal using Ca(OH) 2 , and alkaline extraction for lithium recovery. Experimental results demonstrated that the leachate could be recycled 2 times to enrich Li, Rb, and Cs. The average leaching efficiencies after 2 cycles were: 92.7 % Li, 94.3 % Rb, 94.5 % Cs, and 94.6 % K, under the leaching conditions of 400 g/L NaOH, 0.6 of mass ratio of Ca(OH) 2 /ore, <106 μm particle size, 5 h reaction time and 250 °C. The XRD and SEM-EDS analyses revealed that the leach residue comprised the phases Ca 0.63 Fe 2.37 Fe 2 (SiO 4 ) 3 , NaCaHSiO 4 , CaF 2 , and Fe 3 O 4 . Furthermore, Ca(OH)₂ was employed for selective impurity removal from the solution, achieving a valuable metal loss of only 0.67 %. Subsequently, Li was efficiently recovered via synergistic solvent extraction using dodecyl phenyl methyl-β-diketone (LIX 54) and trialkylphosphine oxide (TRPO). The 85 % volume fractions of raffinate of Li could be returned to pressure leaching to reuse H 2 O and NaOH. The process developed in this study features environmental friendliness, high comprehensive recovery, and low reagent consumption, providing a promising approach for the clean and efficient utilization of lepidolite.
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
·
2018
·Vol. 44
·期 12
·14020-14025
·
IF 3.057
Xirui Lu,Xiaoyan Shu,Xudong Liu,Yi Xie,Lan Wang,Dadong Shao
Considering the urgent demand of nuclear waste disposal, a comprehensive study on the irradiation performance of nuclear waste forms is extremely necessary, especially on those containing multiple-nuclides with multiple-valence. The irradiation effects of Gd 2 Zr 2 O 7 pyrochlore bearing simulated trialkyl phosphine oxides (TRPO) waste (consisting of ZrO 2 , MoO 3 , RuO 2 and PdO) were studied in this work. Gd 10.685 Mo 4.734 Zr 28.924 Ru 1.000 Pd 1.745 O 91.825 and Gd 8.883 Mo 9.901 Zr 33.760 Ru 2.089 Pd 3.644 O 118.368 were irradiated by 1.5 MeV Xe 20+ to fluences from 1 × 10 12 to 1 × 10 15 ions/cm 2 at room temperature. The results showed an irradiation induced disordering with slight micro-swelling. In addition, the ion irradiation tolerance of the solid solutions decreased as the TRPO waste content increased. The decrease and shift of Raman peaks indicated the structural disordering and inner stress after irradiation. The micromorphology and element distribution of the irradiated surface remained almost unchanged. The structural evolution from pyrochlore to fluorite and even amorphous structure were disclosed in this study.
研究领域:
核材料科学
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辐射效应
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陶瓷固化体
·
核废料固化
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DOI
高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENERGY RESEARCH
·
2021
·Vol. 45
·期 6
·8724-8734
·
IF 5.164
Ningning He,Guilin Wei,Pan Wen,Wenhong Han,Chen Xu,Xiaoyan Shu,Fen Luo,Shunzhang Chen,Lan Wang,Yi Xie,Xirui Lu
Summary As a rapid sintering method, spark plasma sintering (SPS) process has been widely applied to immobilize nuclear waste. In this work, trialkyl phosphine oxides (TRPO) were immobilized by the mixture of Gd 2 O 3 and ZrO 2 with SPS proceedings at 1650°C in 3 minutes. X-ray diffraction results present that the solid solubility is 10 to 20 wt% and all the sintered samples show a fluorite structure. Raman spectroscopy results show that the order degree of structure decreases as waste content increases. The lattice parameters decrease with the increasing doped waste content indicating the success of waste immobilization. Densities decrease for the sample with higher waste content which mainly caused by the existence of pores. Scanning electron microscope-energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and backscattered electron results perform the microstructure of the sintered sample. Furthermore, the leaching test shows that the sample has a considerable chemical stability. This study confirmed the possibility of rapid consolidation of Gd 2 Zr 2 O 7 bulk, dense ceramic with up to 10 ~ 20 wt% of immobilized TRPO waste. Highlights Multi-nuclides waste was rapidly immobilized by Gd 2 Zr 2 O 7 via SPS process. Phase transition happened with enhanced doping content. Density results decreased with the higher waste content. The order degree of structure decreased as waste content increased. The sintered matrix represented considerable chemical stability.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
核废料处理
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DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR LIQUIDS
·
2022
·
IF 6.633
Licheng Zhang,Jinfeng Li,Ruirui Liu,Yongquan Zhou,Yuze Zhang,Lianmin Ji,Lijuan Li
Efficient separation of lithium from salt lake brine with high Na/Li ratio is of great importance for the development of new energy industry. Liquid-liquid extraction using β-diketone system was proved to be an effective approach to separate lithium from alkaline metal ions, while the separation effect of lithium to alkali earth ions needs further investigation. In this work we proposed an extraction process using HBTA/TRPO system to recovery lithium from salt lake brine with high Na/Li ratio. The conditions of saponification, extraction, eluting, stripping and regeneration process was optimized by equilibrium experiments. Through the process, lithium, calcium and magnesium were extracted to the organic phase and then stripped step by step to obtain lithium-rich solution, then the stability of the process and organic was tested by cycle experiments, the results indicated the proposed method was effective and stable. Theoretical study based on density functional theory was conducted to expound the extraction selectivity to different metal ions, and the energy change, electrostatic potential and Mulliken charge of the complexes was obtained, the calculated results suggested the stability of the complexes followed the sequence: Mg 2+ > Ca 2+ > Li + > Na + > K + , which is consistent with the experimental results. The present work may provide a novel way to efficiently recover lithium from salt lake brine with high Na/Li ratio.
研究领域:
化学工程
·
新能源材料
·
理论计算
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
·
2026
·
IF 6
Guoqiang Zhao,Wanjun Shi,Weidong Ma,Xianzhou Ning,Bo Xie,Wei Zhang,Bin Ye,Yushan Yang
The present work developed pollucite-based waste forms suited for the immobilization of cesium- and strontium-rich waste (CSRW) derived from the TRPO process. The sintering conditions and waste loading were varied, and their effects on waste forms phase composition, microstructure, mechanical properties and durability were investigated. It was found that with a CSRW loading of 7.5 wt% and sintered at 1150 °C for 4 h, CSRW could be effectively incorporated into the pollucite waste forms, with only a minor glass phase present. The corresponding waste forms exhibited a microhardness of ∼ 563 HV and a thermal conductivity of ∼ 1.36 W·m -1 ·K -1 . Moreover, the normalized leaching rates of Cs, Sr, Ba, Rb, Fe, and Mo were 3.07×10 -2 , 2.76×10 -2 , 3.3×10 -3 , 9.9×10 -3 , 3.9×10 -3 and 3.1×10 -3 g·m -2 ·d -1 and the leaching indexes were > 9, exhibiting good chemical durability. This work demonstrated the feasibility of pollucite as a stable host material for the immobilization of CSRW.
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY
·
2025
·
IF 1.6
Gao Yu,Luo Fen,Li Yang,Yang Shangqi,Lu Xirui
In this study, borosilicate glasses with different ZrO 2 contents were synthesized at 1200 °C and used to immobilize simulated TRPO waste. The effects of ZrO 2 content on the solid solution limit, microstructure, mechanical properties, and chemical stability of the solidified bodies were systematically analyzed. The results showed that with the increase of ZrO 2 content, the solid solution limit of TRPO waste increased from 20 to 30 wt%, and the degree of amorphization of the solidified bodies could be improved. The addition of ZrO 2 raised the number of bridging oxygen bonds in the solidified body and enhanced the degree of polymerization of the glass structure. For samples containing 4 wt% ZrO 2 , the highest Vickers hardness and density values were 6.57 GPa and 2.89 g cm −3 . Moreover, the 42-day normalized leaching rates of Ce, Nd, La, and Pr in the solidified bodies were about 10 −5 g m −2 d −1 . This work provides useful ideas for the optimization of the solidification matrix materials for high-level radioactive waste. Graphical abstract
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Minerals
·
2025
·Vol. 15
·期 2
·153
·
IF 2.2
Kejia Ning,Jingzheng Wang,Li Zhang,Mengting Hong,Biao Fu,Jiushuai Deng,Xiahui Gui,Yaowen Xing,Guixia Fan,Hongxiang Xu
This systematic study was conducted on the separation of yttrium (Y) and erbium (Er) from a chloride medium using a mixed extractant system composed of [N1444][P507] and TRPO (trialkylphosphine oxide) in kerosene. This investigation focused on the effects of various extractants, extraction systems, the initial acidity of the aqueous phase, and the phase contact time on the extraction efficiencies of Y and Er. This study showed that using the combination of [N1444][P507] and TRPO notably increased the extraction performance and enhanced the separation factor between Y and Er, outperforming the individual use of P507 or [N1444][P507] under identical conditions. The extraction efficiencies for Y and Er reached 88.4% and 93.3%, respectively, with a separation factor (Er/Y) of 1.84, highlighting the system’s effectiveness in selectively isolating rare earth elements. Optimal stripping conditions were obtained using 0.1 mol/L of HCl, resulting in a successful recovery of 93.1% of Y3+and 78.9% of Er3+from the organic phase. The extraction mechanism involved both ion exchange and ion association. The enthalpy changes (ΔH) associated with the extraction of Y3+(−2.5 kJ·mol−1) and Er3+(4.6 KJ·mol−1) demonstrate that the extraction processes are exothermic, reflecting the thermodynamic differences between the two ions.
研究领域:
化学工程
·
材料科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）