Porous nano-grained cuprous selenide (Cu2Se) for mid-infrared photonics
Recently, mid-infrared photonics has attracted tremendous attention for various applications. To address the dilemma of the limited variety of materials for mid-infrared photonics, the mid-infrared optical modulation characteristics of the porous nano-grained cuprous selenide (Cu 2 Se) were investigated for the first time. The large effective nonlinear absorption coefficient, large modulation depth, and low saturation absorption intensity at 2.3 μm indicate that the porous nano-grained Cu 2 Se were promising saturable absorbers for the generation of Q-switched pulsed laser in the mid-infrared regime. As an application, the Tm:GdVO 4 passively Q-switched laser operating on the 3 H 4 → 3 H 5 Tm 3+ transition was achieved for the first time by using the prepared porous nano-grained Cu 2 Se as the saturable absorber. The minimum pulse duration and the maximum repetition rate of the stable Q-switched pulse train were 440 ns and 76.9 kHz, respectively. Our results demonstrated that the porous nano-grained Cu 2 Se was a promising candidate for the mid-infrared photonic applications.
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