Foods
·
2025
·Vol. 14
·期 23
·4126
·
IF 5.1
Yuemou Zhao,Wenyu Liang,Huaqun Chen,Jinwen Huang,Longyan Zhao,Qingxia Yuan
Heteropolysaccharides, the principal bioactive constituents of the esteemed medicinal foodTremella aurantialba, remain poorly understood in both structure and function. Herein, we describe a novel heteropolysaccharide, designated TAP-2a, isolated from the fruiting bodies ofT. aurantialbavia multi-step column chromatography. With a molecular weight of 16.95 kDa, TAP-2a is dominated by the pyranose forms of ᴅ-galactose (ᴅ-Galp), ᴅ-glucose (ᴅ-Glcp) and ᴅ-mannose (ᴅ-Manp), accompanied by minor proportions of ᴅ-xylose (ᴅ-Xylp), ʟ-fucose (ʟ-Fucp) and glucuronic acid. Methylation-GC-MS and exhaustive 1D/2D NMR analyses revealed a backbone assembled from →6)-α-Galp-(1→, →6)-β-Glcp-(1→, and →3)-α-Manp-(1→residues, branched at →2,6)-β-Galp-(1→, →3,6)-α-Galp-(1→, and →2,3)-α-Manp-(1→residues, and terminated by β-Glcp-(1→, α-Fucp-(1→, and β-Xylp-(1→. This intricate glycosidic architecture generates an exceptionally complex mannoglucogalactan in which a Gal→Man domain is substituted atO-3 of Gal by t-β-Glcpside chains and atO-2 of Man by t-α-Fucpstubs; additionally, a discrete fragment comprising t-β-Glcp-(1→3)-β-Glcp-(1→ was identified, along with a minor branch in which t-β-Xylpis attached toO-2 of a mannose residue. Functionally, TAP-2a proved to be a potent immunomodulator, markedly enhancing the secretion of nitric oxide, interleukin-1β, interleukin-6 and tumour necrosis factor-α while concurrently up-regulating the corresponding mRNA transcripts and augmenting phagocytic capacity. These findings establish the highly elaborate heteropolysaccharides ofT. aurantialbaas powerful immunomodulators that underpin the fungus’s renowned medicinal efficacy.
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
·
2020
·
IF 7.182
Qingxia Yuan,Xiandong Zhang,Mingyang Ma,Tao Long,Chulei Xiao,Jing Zhang,Jikai Liu,Longyan Zhao
In this study, a glucuronoxylomannan named TAP-3 was obtained from high-value Tremella aurantialba Bandoni et Zang. Physicochemical analysis revealed that TAP-3, which had a molecular weight of ∼624 kDa, mainly consisted of d -mannose (Man), d -xylose (Xyl), and d -glucuronic acid (GlcA) in a molar ratio of 3.0:1.0: 1.0. Structural analyses of its depolymerized fragments clarified that TAP-3 contained a (1 → 3) and (1 → 2)-linked α-Man p backbone, side chains formed by β-Xyl p and β-Glc p A linked to the C -2 position of α-Man p , and acetyl groups connected to the sixth hydroxyl positions of Man p . TAP-3 showed marked immune enhancement activity, promoting NO, IL-1β and TNF-α secretion from macrophages. The critical membrane receptor of TAP-3 was identified to be TLR4 , and the chain length was essential for its immunoregulatory activity. These findings expand knowledge of the structural types of glucuronoxylomannan and illustrate its biological activity as an immunopotentiator.
研究领域:
免疫学
·
生物化学
·
真菌学
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DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
·
2025
·
IF 3.1
Guanjie Peng,Bowen Sun,Shangjun Gao,Jingjing Cheng,Sihui Chen,Guofeng Shi,Lanyue Zhang
While Tremella aurantialba ( T. aurantialba ) is known for its significant antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, its role in skin photoaging remains unclear. In this study, we elucidated the protective mechanisms of T. aurantialba extract (TAE) against ultraviolet A and ultraviolet B (UVA/UVB)-induced skin photoaging. Using UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap-MS analysis, a total of 24 compounds were identified from TAE, including trigonelline (22.83%), isonicotinic acid (18.16%), acetylcholine (16.66%), choline (15.02%), and 2-hydroxyphenylalanine (6.85%). In vitro investigations revealed that TAE significantly enhanced the survival rate of UVB-induced HaCaT cells, promoted cell migration, and increased the migration rates to above 50%, while concurrently reducing reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. In vivo , TAE suppressed abnormal epidermal thickening and mast cell infiltration induced by UVA/UVB in the dorsal skin of mice, and facilitated the restoration of collagen fibers. Metabolomics analysis indicated that TAE mitigated photoaging mainly by modulating the sphingolipid and glycerophospholipid metabolic pathways. Skin microbiome analysis showed that TAE boosts Bacillota and Bacteroidota while suppressing Exiguobacterium and Lachnospiraceae , consequently restoring skin microbiota balance and facilitating skin repair. Transcriptome analysis demonstrated that genes modulated by TAE were primarily concentrated in lipid metabolism, circadian rhythm, and response to oxygen-containing compounds. This suggests TAE facilitated skin barrier repair and mitigated UVA/UVB-induced photoaging by modulating cellular physiological rhythms and lipid metabolism, while controlling oxidative stress. In conclusion, TAE mitigates UVA/UVB-induced damage via multi-targeted antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and skin barrier repair-promoting effects, thereby establishing a scientific basis for its application in developing functional foods and cosmetics to target photoaging.
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
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