WATER RESEARCH
·
2021
·
IF 11.236
Bingliang Zhang,Xuening Wang,Zhuoyao Fang,Shu Wang,Chao Shan,Si Wei,Bingcai Pan
ABSTRACT Ultraviolet-based advanced oxidation processes (UV-AOPs) are very promising in advanced treatment of municipal secondary effluents. However, the transformation of dissolved effluent organic matter (dEfOM) in advanced treatment of real wastewater, particularly at molecular level, remains unclear. In this study, Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR-MS) coupled with multiple statistical analysis were performed to better understand the transformation of dEfOM in UV/H 2 O 2 , UV/persulfate (UV/PS), and UV/chlorine treatments. An obvious increase in oxygen content of dEfOM was observed after every UV-AOPs treatment, and the detailed oxygenation processes were further uncovered by mass difference analysis based on 24 types of typical reactions. Generally, UV/H 2 O 2 process was subjected to the most oxygenation reactions with the typical tri-hydroxylation one (+3O), whereas di-hydroxylation reaction (+H 2 O 2 ) was dominant in UV/PS and UV/chlorine processes. Additionally, the three UV-AOPs shared the majority of precursors, and more proportions of unique products were identified for each process. The precursors with lower H/C and higher aromaticity were readily degraded by UV/chlorine over UV/H 2 O 2 and UV/PS, with the products featuring lower molecular weight. Moreover, dEfOM of high aromaticity tended to produce chlorinated byproducts through addition reactions in chlorination and UV/chlorine processes. Among these UV-AOPs, the highest reduction of both acute toxicity and specific UV absorbance at 254 nm (SUVA 254 ) was observed for UV/chlorine, implying the potential for UV/chlorine process in advanced treatment of wastewater. In addition, acute toxicity was highly correlated with SUVA 254 and CHOS compounds. This study is believed to help better understand the different fates of dEfOM in real wastewater during UV-AOPs treatment.
研究领域:
环境科学
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废水处理
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
WATER RESEARCH
·
2020
·
IF 9.13
Simiao Li,Xiuwei Ao,Chen Li,Zedong Lu,Wenfeng Cao,Fangfang Wu,Shuming Liu,Wenjun Sun
The UV/NH 2 Cl process is an emerging advanced oxidation process (AOP) that is greatly effective in degrading pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs). However, detailed information regarding the process is lacking. The degradation of ibuprofen (IBP, an electron-withdrawing PPCP) and naproxen (NPX, an electron-donating PPCP) in UV/NH 2 Cl and UV/NaClO processes was performed to investigate the applicability and security of the UV/NH 2 Cl process and compare with those of UV/NaClO. UV/NH 2 Cl was effective in degrading both IBP and NPX and the degradation followed pseudo-first order kinetics (k IBP = 0.0037 cm 2 /mJ and k NPX = 0.0044 cm 2 /mJ). This indicated the broad applicability of UV/NH 2 Cl to different kinds of PPCPs. Ranges of values of UV intensity (0.3–1.0 mW/cm 2 ) and pH (6.0–8.0) showed little effect on the degradation of PPCPs by UV/NH 2 Cl based on UV Dose but HCO 3 − (2–8 mM), natural organic matter (NOM, 2–8 mg/L), and the natural water matrixes were inhibitory. Increasing the dosage of NH 2 Cl from 0.15 mM to 0.75 mM, resulted in an even increase of k IBP ; however, k NPX increased slowly after 0.3 mM NH 2 Cl. Mechanism experiments involving nitrobenzene showed that •OH was the major radical involved in degrading IBP and NPX via UV/NH 2 Cl. The electron spin resonance spectroscopy and kinetic modeling results also indicated the larger amount of •OH and weaker reactive chlorine species (mainly ClO• and ClO 2 •) in UV/NH 2 Cl compared with UV/NaClO. Compared to UV/NaClO in synthetic and natural water, UV/NH 2 Cl was a more stable degrader with little pH- and substrate-dependence, while UV/NaClO preferred degrading the electron-donating PPCP and at low pH. The UV/NH 2 Cl produced less halogenated disinfection byproducts (DBPs) (even nitrogenous DBPs) and was less cytotoxic theoretically than UV/NaClO based on the DBPs included in this study. Thus UV/NH 2 Cl process may be an effective AOP for water treatment .
研究领域:
环境科学
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水处理工程
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
CHEMOSPHERE
·
2019
·
IF 5.108
Chen-Yan Hu,Yuan-Zhang Hou,Yi-Li Lin,Yan-Guo Deng,Shuang-Jing Hua,Yi-Fan Du,Chiu-Wen Chen,Chung-Hsin Wu
The degradation rates and kinetics of one commonly used iodinated contrast medium, iohexol, were investigated and compared during ultraviolet (UV) photolysis, UV/H 2 O 2 and UV/ S 2 O 8 2 − advanced oxidation processes (AOPs). Results indicate that the iohexol degradation rate increased in the order of UV/H 2 O 2 < UV irradiation < UV/ S 2 O 8 2 − and followed pseudo-first-order kinetics. Increasing persulfate concentration significantly increased iohexol degradation rate, whereas increasing H 2 O 2 concentration caused reverse effect. Radical scavenging test results show that UV photolysis, OH and radicals all contributed to iohexol degradation during UV/ S 2 O 8 2 − , but OH was the main contributor during UV/H 2 O 2 and was consumed by excess H 2 O 2 . The kinetic models of iohexol degradation by both AOPs were developed, and the reaction rate constants with OH and were calculated as 5.73 (±0.02) × 10 8 and 3.91 (±0.01) × 10 10 M −1 s −1 , respectively. Iohexol degradation rate remained stable at pH 5–9 during UV irradiation and UV/H 2 O 2 , but gradually decreased at pH 5–7 and remained stable at pH 7–9 during UV/ S 2 O 8 2 − . The presence of anions displayed inhibitory effects on iohexol degradation during UV/ S 2 O 8 2 − in the order of Cl − > HCO 3 − ≫ S O 4 2 − . UV/ S 2 O 8 2 − AOP exhibited high degradation efficiency and stability on the basis of UV irradiation, which can be applied as a promising degradation method for iohexol. UV/ S 2 O 8 2 − AOP can effectively mineralize iohexol to CO 2 but promoted the generation of toxic iodoform (CHI 3 ), and the subsequent chlorination had the potential to reduce the content of disinfection by-products; therefore, further evaluation of possible environmental hazards is warranted.
研究领域:
环境科学
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化学工程
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
·
2025
·
IF 9
Quanfa Zhong,Wangbao Gong,Guangjun Wang,Jun Xie,Jianshu Zhao,Qinghai Jin,Xiaoming Ma,Zhangxin Wang,Di He
This study utilized Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS) to investigate the molecular-level transformation of dissolved organic matter (DOM) during treatment with the novel UV/dichloroisocyanurate (NaDCC) process. Comparisons were made with conventional UV/hypochlorite (NaClO) and UV/monochloramine (NH 2 Cl) processes to assess the feasibility and environmental risks of UV/NaDCC. Results showed that UV/NaDCC and UV/NaClO had comparable and stronger DOM mineralization effects than UV/NH 2 Cl. Notably, UV/NaDCC treatment more effectively reduced DOM aromaticity, fluorescence, and apparent molecular weight, producing more oxidized and saturated molecules. Kendrick mass defect (KMD) analysis indicated that demethylation and carboxylation reactions played key roles in UV/NaDCC treatment, supported by a greater number of precursor-product pairs. The UV/NaDCC system produced substantial chlorinated and N-containing byproducts (Cl-BPs and N-BPs). Among the Cl-BPs, species formed via + 2Cl reaction ( e. g. , +H 2 Cl 2 O 2 , +Cl 2 O) were dominant, similar to the UV/NaClO system. The N-BPs with higher nitrogen content ( e. g. , N3 and N4) were more abundant than in UV/NH 2 Cl. The UV/NaDCC system produced the highest concentrations of TCM and DCAN, whereas the UV/NaClO system yielded the highest concentration of DCAA. Toxicity tests revealed that UV/NaDCC effluent displayed the highest toxicity. To the best of our knowledge, this study provides the first molecular-level insight into DOM transformation in UV/NaDCC treatment, offering theoretical and practical guidance for its application.
研究领域:
环境化学
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水处理技术
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质谱分析
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有机物分析
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副产物生成
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毒理学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Journal of Water Process Engineering
·
2025
·
IF 6.7
Yueli Chen,Huilin Huang,Runying Luo,Aiping Zhang
Landfill leachate contains high levels of refractory organic compounds that pose significant environmental risks. The treatment of landfill leachate through advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) is an effective method for removing these compounds. However, the presence of chloride ions (Cl − ) might lead to the formation of chlorinated organics. In this study, we compared the formation of chlorinated organics during the removal of refractory organic compounds from landfill leachate treated by a membrane bioreactor (MBR) through UV/H 2 O 2 and UV/PDS processes with different oxidant dosages. The relationship between the formation of chlorinated organics and the concentration of organics was explained via ultraviolet visible spectra, three-dimensional excitation and emission matrix spectra, and total organic carbon. The results revealed that the concentration of chlorinated organics increased with increasing oxidant dosage. Under the oxidant dosage of 40 mM and a reaction time of 90 min, the cumulative concentration of the 4 chlorinated organics in the UV/H 2 O 2 process reached 482.8 μg/L, and those of the 8 chlorinated organics reached 34,370.2 μg/L in the UV/PDS process. Concentrations of chloroacetaldehyde, chloroacetic acid and trichloroacetic acid produced in the UV/H 2 O 2 process and concentrations of chloroacetaldehyde, dichloroacetaldehyde and dichloroacetonitrile produced in the UV/PDS process were significantly and positively correlated with the concentrations of aromatic organic compounds. In the UV/H 2 O 2 and UV/PDS processes, the concentration of Cl − affects the conversion of reactive chlorine species, such as Cl • and Cl 2 •– , and the reactive species, such as HO • , SO 4 •– , Cl • and Cl 2 •– generated in the process react with organic compounds to form intermediates through hydrogen extraction, addition and electron transfer processes that gradually open ring structures to form small molecules. Cl • and Cl 2 •– further react with these small-molecule intermediates to form chlorinated organics through chlorine substitution. The toxicity evaluation of chlorinated organics revealed that haloacetaldehydes were the main source of chlorinated organic toxicity in both the UV/H 2 O 2 and UV/PDS processes. This study provides theoretical support for reducing the formation of chlorinated organics during refractory organic compound removal processes from landfill leachate via advanced oxidation processes such as UV/AOPs.
研究领域:
环境科学
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化学工程
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CHEMOSPHERE
·
2022
·
IF 8.943
Pengfei Gan,Yichun Sun,Yunyi Li,Wen Liu,Jiangyu Ye,Meiping Tong,Jialiang Liang
In this work, the different selectivity of SO 4 •- and • OH towards municipal solid waste incineration leachates (MSWILs) was studied by a comparative study of UV/persulfate (PS) and UV/H 2 O 2 . Results showed SO 4 •- preferentially mineralized carbon atoms of higher average oxidation state, while • OH showed a two-stage mechanism of partial oxidation and mineralization successively. Electron spin resonance (ESR) analysis showed SO 4 •- had superior selectivity towards MSWILs than • OH, and Fe(II) would significantly affect the selectivity via forming Fe-MSWILs complex. As the consequence, Fe(II) showed slightly negative effect on UV/PS, but greatly enhanced the performance of UV/H 2 O 2 /Fe(II). High concentration of Cl - affected the degradation of non-fluorescent substances by UV/PS, while SO 4 2 - and NO 3 - showed no effect. In contrast, anions showed no effect on UV/H 2 O 2 . In addition, • OH preferentially attacked large molecules, but SO 4 •- showed no selectivity. This study further revealed the selectivity of SO 4 •- and • OH in the treatment of hypersaline wastewater, and provided theoretical support for the development of targeted technology .
研究领域:
环境科学
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化学工程
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
WATER ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH
·
2020
·Vol. 92
·期 12
·2049-2059
·
IF 1.369
Mengyi Wu,Yulin Tang,Qianhong Liu,Zhenjiao Tan,Mu Wang,Bin Xu,Shengji Xia,Shun Mao,Naiyun Gao
In this study, UV-LED was employed as a novel light source to investigate the degradation of a representative antibiotic compound, chloramphenicol (CAP), in the absence or presence of H 2 O 2 . The UV-LED irradiation showed a higher capability for degradation of CAP than conventional UV-Hg vapor lamps. Effects of the initial CAP concentration, UV wavelength, and light intensity on the degradation of CAP by UV-LED were evaluated. Introduction of H 2 O 2 evidently enhanced the degradation efficiency of CAP due to the production of reactive hydroxyl radicals. Results showed that the UV-LED/H 2 O 2 removed CAP by up to 95% within 60 min at pH 5.0, which was twice as that achieved by the UV-LED alone. The degradation products were identified to propose plausible degradation pathways. Moreover, the formation potentials of typical carbonaceous disinfection by-products (C-DBPs) and nitrogenous disinfection by-products (N-DBPs) were assessed for the CAP polluted water treated by the UV-LED alone and UV-LED/H 2 O 2 processes. Results indicate unintended formation of certain DBPs, thereby highlighting the importance of health risk assessments before practical application. This study opens a new avenue for developing environment-friendly and high-performance UV-LED photocatalytic reactors for abatement of CAP pollution in water. Practitioner points UV-LED bore higher capability to degrade CAP than low-pressure Hg lamp. The optimal performance to degrade CAP can be achieved at the UV wavelength of 280 nm. The degradation efficiency under UV-LED/H 2 O 2 process was double of that under UV-LED process. TCM, DCAN, and TCNM formation were higher under the existence of UV-LED radiation. The addition of H 2 O 2 had greater influence on the formation of DCAcAm than the introduction of UV-LED.
研究领域:
环境科学
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水处理技术
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Journal of Environmental Sciences
·
2022
·
IF 6.796
Jing Deng,Anhong Cai,Xiao Ling,Qian Sun,Tianxin Zhu,Qingsong Li,Xueyan Li,Weizhu Chen
As an active metabolite of venlafaxine and emerging antidepressant, O-desmethylvenlafaxine (ODVEN) was widely detected in different water bodies, which caused potential harm to human health and environmental safety. In this study, the comparative work on the ODVEN degradation by UV (254 nm) and UV-LED (275 nm) activated sodium percarbonate (SPC) systems was systematically performed. The higher removal rate of ODVEN can be achieved under UV-LED direct photolysis (14.99%) than UV direct photolysis (4.57%) due to the higher values of photolysis coefficient at the wavelength 275 nm. Significant synergistic effects were observed in the UV/SPC (80.38%) and UV-LED/SPC (53.57%) systems and the former exhibited better performance for the elimination of ODVEN. The degradation of ODVEN all followed the pseudo-first-order kinetics well in these processes, and the pseudo-first-order rate constant ( k obs ) increased with increasing SPC concentration. Radicals quenching experiments demonstrated that both ·OH and CO 3 · − were involved in the degradation of ODVEN and the second-order rate constant of ODVEN with CO 3 · − (1.58 × 10 8 (mol/L) −1 sec −1 ) was reported for the first time based on competitive kinetic method. The introduction of HA, Cl − , NO 3 − and HCO 3 − inhibited the ODVEN degradation to varying degrees in the both processes. According to quantum chemical calculation, radical addition at the ortho-position of the phenolic hydroxyl group was confirmed to be the main reaction pathways for the oxidation of ODVEN by ·OH. In addition, the oxidation of ODVEN may involve the demethylation, H-abstraction, OH-addition and C-N bond cleavage. Eventually, the UV-LED/SPC process was considered to be more cost-effective compared to the UV/SPC process, although the UV/SPC process possessed a higher removal rate of ODVEN.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
水处理工程
·
化学动力学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
CHEMOSPHERE
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2021
·
IF 7.086
Guo-Qiang Li,Zheng-Yang Huo,Qian-Yuan Wu,Zhuo Chen,Yin-Hu Wu,Yun Lu,Hong-Ying Hu
Recently, ultraviolet light-emitting diodes (UV-LEDs) and chlorine combined system has been employed as an emerging advanced oxidation process . However, UV-LEDs were commonly considered as monochromatic UV sources. In this study, the obvious quantum yields of chlorine photolysis under 265 nm and 280 nm LEDs irradiations were investigated with treating LEDs as polychromatic UV sources. Particularly, Φ obs-poly of HOCl and OCl⁻ for 265 nm LED were found to be 1.50 and 0.70 mol E −1 , respectively, whereas Φ obs-poly of HOCl and OCl⁻ for 280 nm LED were 1.28 and 0.64 mol E −1 , respectively. It was identified that Φ obs-poly were 5.66–14.63 % lower than Φ obs-mono . This suggests that obvious quantum yield using peak emission wavelength would overestimate the true quantum yield. The production of radical species in LED UV/chlorine systems were determined by the degradation of BA , and illustrated by a mathematical model. Different trends were observed for 265 nm and 280 nm LED UV/chlorine systems as pH increased from 5.0 to 10.0. As pH increased, the formation of OH continuously decreased in both 265 nm and 280 nm LED systems. The formation of Cl increased at neutral pH and more Cl and OH were formed due to the higher molar absorbance coefficient at 280 nm. The chlorine dose-dependent effects on radical productions at pH of 5.0, 7.5 and 10.0 were also assessed. At pH of 5.0, OH was the main radical product and had linear correlation with chlorine dose. At pH of 7.5, the productions of OH and Cl showed similar profiles that increased rapidly at low chlorine dosage and then slowed down.
研究领域:
环境科学
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化学工程
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
WATER RESEARCH
·
2020
·
IF 9.13
Jiong Gao,Jie Song,Jinshao Ye,Xiaodi Duan,Dionysios D. Dionysiou,Jagjit S. Yadav,Mallikarjuna N. Nadagouda,Lixia Yang,Shenglian Luo
Bisphenol A (BPA) is a common industrial chemical with significant adverse impacts on biological systems as an environmental contaminant. UV/hydrogen peroxide (UV/H 2 O 2 ) is a well-established technology for BPA treatment in water while UV/sodium percarbonate (UV/SPC) is an emerging technology with unclear biological impacts of treated effluent. Therefore, in this study, the toxicity evaluation of BPA solution treated with UV/H 2 O 2 and UV/SPC was preformed and compared based on transformation products (TPs) profile, quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR), Escherichia coli ( E. coli ) toxicity assays, and metabolomic analysis. TPs with hydroxylation, double-ring split, and single-ring cleavage were generated from BPA during the treatments with both technologies, but TPs with quinonation were specifically detected in UV/H 2 O 2 treated solution at the UV dose of 1470 mJ cm −2 . QSAR prediction based on TPs profile (excluding benzoquinone TPs) suggested that UV/H 2 O 2 and UV/SPC treatments of BPA may increase matrix toxicity due to the formation of multi-hydroxylated TPs; however decreased bioaccumulation potential of all TPs may mitigate the increase of toxicity by reducing the chance of TPs to reach the concentration of toxicity threshold. In vivo assays with E. coli showed inhibited cell growth, arrested cell cycle, and increased cell death in BPA solution treated with UV/H 2 O 2 at the UV dose of 1470 mJ cm −2 . Metabolomic analysis indicated that BPA solution treated with UV/H 2 O 2 at UV dose of 1470 mJ cm −2 impacted E. coli metabolism differently than other solutions with unique inhibition on glycerolipid metabolism. Moreover, BPA interfered in various metabolic pathways including alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism, starch and sucrose metabolism, pentose phosphate pathway, and lysine degradation, which were mitigated after the treatments. UV/SPC showed advantage over UV/H 2 O 2 of attenuated impact on butanoate metabolism with UV irradiation. This study has generated valuable data for better understanding of biological impacts of BPA and its solutions treated with UV/H 2 O 2 or UV/SPC, thus providing insights for their application prospect for water and wastewater treatment.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
毒理学
·
化学工程
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生物技术
·
代谢组学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
MICROPOROUS AND MESOPOROUS MATERIALS
·
2024
·
IF 4.8
Liuqin Zhang,Huali Li,Xiaohu Zhang,Qiuping Li,Gege Zhang,Shuying Pu,Fa-Qian Liu
CuZn-MOF-74 was successfully synthesized at room temperature. And then the efficacy of UV-curable PBMA coating that contains Poly(butyl methacrylate) (PBMA) and CuZn-MOF-74 in terms of stable release of copper ions and anti-fouling properties was evaluated. PBMA/CuZn-MOF-74 coating exhibits stable copper ion release performance due to the coordination between metal ions and organic ligands and the complex interaction between Cu and Zn cations in CuZn-MOF-74. The results of the antibacterial experiment lasting for 21 days show that the addition of MOF-74 improves the antibacterial performance of the coatings and the antibacterial rate can be over 98 %. The antibacterial mechanism of the coating mainly includes the toxic effect of open metal sites, release copper ions and the oxidative stress caused by the increased of ROS. And the coating has good elastic deformation recovery ability, which makes it be able to resist sediment impact in the ocean. Finally, the concise method for preparing MOF-74 (room temperature, only MeOH) and the use of UV-curing to prepare coatings (e.g., solvent-free, mild conditions) are helpful to improve the environmental friendliness. Therefore, this UV-curable PBMA coating containing a low concentration of MOF-74 (e.g., 3 wt%, 6 wt%) would be effective in anti-biofouling while introducing the important advantage of UV-curable method in energy conservation and environmental protection.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学
·
环境科学
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生物技术
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering
·
2025
·Vol. 19
·期 7
·1-16
·
IF 6.4
Yin Wenxuan,Sun Wenjun,Yuan Yongqin,Zhang Daoyi,Zhang Yuanna,Zheng Fengyi
UV/H 2 O 2 is commonly used to remove organic micropollutants and frequently paired with activated carbon for further removal of pollutants, addressing issues such as H 2 O 2 residuals, uncontrollable by-products, and energy consumption reduction. Here, we report the changes in the removal characteristics of organic contaminants during the operation of a pilot system based on UV/H 2 O 2 coupled granular activated carbon (GAC) after in situ biofilm formation to generate biologically activated carbon (BAC). We completed the screening of unknown organic matter and molecular-level chemical transformation of 100–1600 Da dissolved organic matter (DOM) using Fourier transform high-resolution mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS). The FT-ICR MS results indicated that BAC differs from GAC in terms of DOM removal behavior and mechanisms. GAC primarily produces free radicals through synergistic residual H 2 O 2 to further oxidize and remove organics. Low molecular weight (LMW) organics undergo general molecular chemical changes but have modest removal effects. BAC considerably lowered the chemical variety of DOM and eliminated LMW organics through biodegradation and activated carbon adsorption. According to the study findings, UV/H 2 O 2 -BAC can more effectively compensate for the drawbacks of individual technologies than UV/H 2 O 2 -GAC, with superior removal efficiency of organic pollutants, no residual H 2 O 2 , controllable effluent products, and robust performance in real environmental matrices.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
水处理工程
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DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）