The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of a play program in the creative thinking of preschool children. The study used a repeated measures experimental pretest-posttest design with control groups. The sample included 86 participants aged 5 to 6 years (53 experimental and 33 control participants). Before and after administering the program, two evaluation instruments were applied: The Torrance Test of Creative Thinking (Torrance, 1990) and Behaviors and Traits of Creative Personality Scale (Garaigordobil & Berrueco, 2007). The program consisted of a weekly 75-minute play session throughout the school year. ANOVA results showed that the program significantly increased the verbal creativity (fluency, flexibility, originality), graphic creativity (elaboration, fluency, originality), and behaviors and traits of creative personality. In the pretest phase, there were no differences in the creativity of boys and girls, and the program stimulated a similar level of change in both sexes. The discussion focuses on the importance of implementing creative programs with preschool children.El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar los efectos de un programa de juego en la creatividad infantil. Se utilizó un diseño experimental de medidas repetidas pretest-postest con grupos de control. La muestra se configuró con 86 participantes de 5 a 6 años (53 experimentales y 33 control). Antes y después de la intervención se aplicaron 2 instrumentos de evaluación: El Test de Pensamiento Creativo de Torrance (Torrance, 1990) y La Escala de Conductas y Rasgos de Personalidad Creadora (Garaigordobil & Berrueco, 2007). El programa consistió en una sesión de juego semanal de 75 minutos de duración durante un curso escolar. Los resultados del ANOVA mostraron que el programa incrementó significativamente la creatividad verbal (fluidez, flexibilidad, originalidad), la creatividad gráfica (elaboración, fluidez, originalidad), así como las conductas y rasgos de personalidad creadora. En la fase pretest no había diferencias en la creatividad de niños y niñas, y el programa estimuló un nivel de cambio similar en ambos sexos. La discusión se centra en la importancia de implementar programas de creatividad con niños de edad preescolar.
Nazi Song,Hongjiao Xu,Shuohan Wu,Suijia Luo,Jingyao Xu,Qian Zhao,Rui Wang,Xianxing Jiang
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), especially nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), is a common hepatic manifestation of metabolic syndrome. However, there are no effective therapy to treat this devastating disease. Accumulating evidence suggests that the generation of elastin-derived peptides (EDPs) and the inhibition of adiponectin receptors (AdipoR)1/2 plays essential roles in hepatic lipid metabolism and liver fibrosis. We recently reported that the AdipoR1/2 dual agonist JT003 significantly degraded the extracellular matrix (ECM) and ameliorated liver fibrosis. However, the degradation of the ECM lead to the generation of EDPs, which could further alter liver homeostasis negatively. Thus, in this study, we successfully combined AdipoR1/2 agonist JT003 with V14, which acted as an inhibitor of EDPs–EBP interaction to overcome the defect of ECM degradation. We found that combination of JT003 and V14 possessed excellent synergistic benefits on ameliorating NASH and liver fibrosis than either alone since they compensate the shortage of each other. These effects are induced by the enhancement of the mitochondrial antioxidant capacity, mitophagy, and mitochondrial biogenesis via AMPK pathway. Furthermore, specific suppression of AMPK could block the effects of the combination of JT003 and V14 on reduced oxidative stress, increased mitophagy and mitochondrial biogenesis. These positive results suggested that this administration of combination of AdipoR1/2 dual agonist and inhibitor of EDPs–EBP interaction can be recommended alternatively for an effective and promising therapeutic strategy for the treatment of NAFLD and NASH related fibrosis.
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