INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
·
2025
·Vol. 26
·期 15
·7293
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IF 4.9
Yiqing Luo,Min Guo,Lei Hu,Jiaxin Yang,Junyu Xu,Muhammad Rafiq,Ying Wang,Chunsong Cheng,Shaohua Zeng
Viticis Fructus (VF), a fruit known for its unique flavor profile and various health benefits, demonstrates substantial quality variations depending on its area of production. Traditional methods of production area verification based on internal compound analysis are hampered by a number of technical limitations. This investigation systematically characterized the cuticular wax composition of VF sample from a diverse variety of production areas. Quantitative analyses were conducted to evaluate the spatial distribution patterns of the wax constituents. Significant regional variations were observed: Anhui sample exhibited the highest total wax content (21.39 μg/cm 2 ), with n-alkanes dominating at 76.67%. High-latitude regions showed elevated triterpenoid acid levels, with maslinic acid (0.53 μg/cm 2 ) and ursolic acid (0.34 μg/cm 2 ) concentrations exceeding those of their low-latitude counterparts by four- and three-fold, respectively. Altitudinal influence manifested in long-chain alcohol accumulation, as triacontanol reached 0.87 μg/cm 2 in high-altitude sample. Five key biomarkers demonstrated direct quality correlations: eicosanoic acid, n-triacontane, dotriacontanol, β-amyrin, and α-amyrin. This study established three novel origin identification protocols: single-component quantification, multi-component wax profiling, and wax ratio analysis. This work not only reveals the latitudinal dependence of VF wax composition, but also provides a scientific framework for geographical authentication. Our findings advance wax-based quality evaluation methodologies for fruit products, offering practical solutions for production area verification challenges in food raw materials.
研究领域:
食品科学
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分析化学
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植物生物化学
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地球化学
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农业科学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY
·
2021
·
IF 4.36
Xuanhao Chen,Xiaoyan Wang,Lin Ma,Shiming Fang,Jin Li,Evans Owusu Boadi,Jun He,Xiu-mei Gao,Yu Wang,Yan-xu Chang
Ethnopharmacological relevance Viticis fructus ( VF ) has been widely used in alleviating the swelling and pain, owning to its pharmacologically active components including agnuside, 10- O -vanilloylaucubin, luteolin and casticin. Aim of the study The pharmacokinetic profiles of the absorbed components from aqueous and ethanolic extracts of VF in rat plasma were performed, and explored the molecular mechanisms of absorbed components via network pharmacology . Materials and methods Ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectroscopy (UHPLC-MS/MS) was employed to identify the absorbed components from rat plasma. Liquid-liquid extraction with ethyl acetate was used to purify the plasma samples. Plasma pharmacokinetics parameters of the components absorbed were analyzed after oral administration of both extracts. Network pharmacology was used to predict the biological functions and potential signaling pathways of VF . The anti-cancer effects of VF extract and absorbed components have been confirmed by in vitro experiments. Results The method was very sensitive with lower limit of quantification (LLOQ) of 1.0, 2.5, 0.2 and 0.5 ng/mL for agnuside, 10- O -vanilloylaucubin, luteolin and casticin, respectively. With the exception of 10- O- vanilloylaucubin which was not detected in the ethanolic extract of VF , all other components were detected in both extracts in plasma. The pharmacokinetic parameters of the four components from rat plasma were significantly different between the two extracts. According to the results of network pharmacology, the absorption components of VF are enriched in 32 key pathways, and 15 pathways are related to cancer. Ultimately, the anti-cancer effects, as well as the signaling pathways of VF ethanolic extract and absorbed components were verified by in vitro experiments. Conclusion The optimized, sensitive and validated UHPLC-MS/MS method was successfully applied for the plasma pharmacokinetics comparison analysis of the two VF extracts. The combination of network pharmacology and pharmacokinetics provides a useful method to elucidate the biological effects and molecular mechanism of the absorbed components of VF .
研究领域:
药理学
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药代动力学
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网络药理学
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中药
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癌症研究
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PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL AND BIOMEDICAL ANALYSIS
·
2025
·
IF 3.1
Chujun Tao,Wenjing Ren,Yongsong Zhai,Feng Qiu
Viticis fructus (VF) is the dry and ripe fruit of Vitex trifolia L. var. simplicifolia Cham or Vitex trifolia L., which contains several flavonoids exhibiting promising pharmacological effects. However, the pharmacokinetic behaviors of these flavonoids and their metabolites remain unclear. This study aimed to comprehensively evaluate the pharmacokinetics of five flavonoids from VF in rats using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC–ESI–MS/MS) and the Iceberg pharmacokinetic strategy. After gavage administration of VF extract to rats, only small amounts of free vitexicarpin, chrysosplenol D and luteolin were detected in rat plasma, while the contents of free quercetin and kaempferol were both lower than their corresponding lower limits of quantification. In contrast, enzymatic hydrolysis with β-glucosidase revealed significant amounts of quercetin, kaempferol, vitexicarpin, chrysosplenol D, and luteolin. The maximum plasma concentration (C max ) and the area under the curve from time zero to the last measurable concentration (AUC 0–t ) values of total vitexicarpin, chrysosplenol D and luteolin after enzymatic hydrolysis were all significantly higher than those free values before enzymatic hydrolysis, respectively ( P < 0.05). These findings indicate that most flavonoids from VF primarily exist as phase II metabolites in rat plasma, which can prolong their residence time in the body through intestinal hepatic circulation and other pathways. These phase II metabolites with higher concentrations may be an essential material basis for their pharmacological effects.
研究领域:
药理学
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分析化学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF SEPARATION SCIENCE
·
2025
·Vol. 48
·期 6
·e70174
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IF 2.8
Wen-Jing Ren,Yi-Zhe Liu,Rezeye Aili,Zhao-Xia Li,Feng Qiu
Viticis fructus is the dry fruit of Vitex trifolia L. var. simplicifolia Cham. or Vitex trifolia L., both belonging to the family Verbenaceae. Viticis fructus can grow well in saline alkali lands, and is currently an important industrial raw material for extracting flavones and iridoid glycosides for medicinal use. However, the significance of differences in the chemical components of Viticis fructus from different production areas is not yet clear. Therefore, a sensitive, selective, and accurate UHPLC–ESI–MS/MS method with high selectivity and efficiency was established and validated for simultaneous quantification of nine flavones and one iridoid glycoside in Viticis fructus. A comprehensive quality evaluation of 36 batches of Viticis fructus samples collected from 10 main production areas in China was performed using this method and chemometric analysis. The contents of vitexicarpin in 36 batches of samples were all higher than 0.030% (300 µg/g), which met the requirements of Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2020 edition). However, the contents of the 10 active ingredients from different production areas were quite different. The contents of nine flavones and one iridoid glycoside in Viticis fructus were greatly affected by the growth environment. Humid climatic conditions were relatively favorable for the accumulation of active components in Viticis fructus. The flavone and iridoid glycoside contents were higher in the samples from Shandong, Jiangxi, Guangxi, and Guizhou. Chemometric analysis also showed that vitexicarpin, chrysosplenol D, and agnuside could well represent the total flavones and iridoid glycoside of Viticis fructus for the classification and evaluation of the overall quality of Viticis fructus from different regions. These three representative components can be used as markers to evaluate the quality of Viticis fructus, providing a reliable theoretical and experimental basis for improving the quality standards of Viticis fructus.
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PubMed
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）