Wenting Zhao,Leipeng Li,Tao Li,Jianrong Qiu,Yanmin Yang
Persistent luminescence (PersL) has attracted considerable attention in the last two decades for its potential applications in the fields of emergency indicators, energy-saving lighting, biomedical imaging, and dynamic anti-counterfeiting. However, the wavelengths of PersL reported so far usually fall into the visible and near-infrared range. The preparation of advanced optical materials bearing UV PersL remains elusive. Here the PersL characteristic of CaF 2 :Gd 3+ is systematically studied. After exposure to X-ray radiation, CaF 2 :Gd 3+ continues to emit UV-B (UVB) PersL peaking at 313 nm, corresponding to the 6 P 7/2 → 8 S 7/2 transition of Gd 3+ . By virtue of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements, the valence variation model is excluded to explain the UVB PersL of CaF 2 :Gd 3+ . Finally, it is demonstrated that such UVB PersL of CaF 2 :Gd 3+ can be used for static labeling and dynamic tracing.
Jian Tian,Jie Chen,Cuicui Ge,Xu Liu,Jinlin He,Peihong Ni,Yue Pan
Radiation is one of the most widely used methods for cancer diagnosis and therapy. Herein, we report a new type of radiation sensitizer (Fc-PEG) by a facile one-step reaction of conjugating the hydrophilic PEG chain with hydrophobic ferrocene molecule. The chemical composition and structure of Fc-PEG have been thoroughly characterized by FT-IR, NMR, GPC, and MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. This Fc-PEG conjugate could self-assemble in aqueous solution into spherical aggregates, and it was found that the exposure to 4 Gy of X-ray radiation have little influence on the shape and size of these aggregates. After the chemical bonding with PEG chains, the uptake level of Fe element could be enhanced via the formation of aggregates. The live/dead, CCK-8, as well as apoptosis assays, indicated that the death of cancer cells can be obviously increased by X-ray radiation after the incubation of these Fc-based nanoconjugates, which might be served as the radiation sensitizer toward cancer cells. We suggest that this radiosensitizing effect comes from the enhancement of reactive oxygen specimen (ROS) level as denoted by both flow cytometric and fluorescence microscopic analysis. The enhanced radiation sensitivity of cancer cells is contributed by the synergic effect of Fe-induced radiation-sensitizing and the increased uptake of nanoconjugates after polymeric grafting.
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