Synthesis of Y-Type Fluorinated Surfactant for Aqueous Film-Forming Foam Extinguishing Agent with High Performance
A fluorinated surfactant exhibits extremely high surface activity and is the key component of the aqueous film-forming foam (AFFF) extinguishing agent. Unfortunately, the long fluorinated carbon chain has been proven to be bioaccumulative and has been banned internationally. This study aims to design and synthesize Y-shaped surfactants based on short fluorocarbon chains through atom transfer radical addition (ATRA), while maintaining the excellent performance as that with a long fluorocarbon chain. A minimum surface tension of 13.5 mN/m for (FC6HC6)2-CHOSO3Na can be reached with even a quite low concentration (0.04 g/L) according to a surface activity test, satisfying the performance requirements of the surfactant used for AFFF extinguishing agent. Moreover, the aqueous solution on the oil spreads out rapidly (<0.5 s), with a large spreading area of 2.89 cm2. In addition, an AFFF extinguishing agent formula based on the synthesized fluorinated surfactant is successfully obtained, whose foam production fulfills the requirements of the national standard of a fire-extinguishing agent (GB 15308-2006). In subsequent fire extinguishing tests, this extinguishing agent behaves successfully. To sum up, the Y-type surfactant is a degradable surfactant, which can be used as an AFFF extinguishing agent with excellent performance, highly promising in practical application.
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）