This study aims to investigate the role of Y 3+ ion on microstructure, optical transmittance, and thermal properties of CaF 2 transparent ceramics. Series of nanosized CaF 2 powders doped with different concentration of Y 3+ ion were synthesized by direct precipitation method. XRD , FSEM and TEM results demonstrated that the CaF 2 nanoparticles could be tuned in size through doping of Y 3+ ion. Corresponding CaF 2 transparent ceramics were fabricated by hot-pressed (HP) method. Compared with the undoped CaF 2 sample, the transmittance of the CaF 2 ceramics improved dramatically after doping with Y 3+ ions and reached above 80% at the wavelength of 1200 nm. The effects of Y 3+ ion on the microstructure and thermal properties of CaF 2 transparent ceramics were also investigated. Overall consideration of the transmittance and thermal properties of the samples, the optimal concentration of Y 3+ ion was about 1 at.%.
The preparation of high-quality perovskite films with low defect density and long carrier lifetime is a precondition for achieving high-efficiency perovskite solar cells (PSCs). In this work, we successfully incorporated Y 3+ ions into perovskite films to enhance the photovoltaic performance of hole-transport-layer-free (HTL-free) carbon-based MAPbBr 3 PSCs in ambient atmosphere. The perovskite films exhibit better crystallinity, lower trap density, and longer carrier lifetime after the introduction of Y 3+ ions. By optimizing the doping dosage, a maximal power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 8.313% (open-circuit voltage ( V OC ) = 1.562 V) is achieved for MAPb 0.98 Y 0.02 Br 3 PSCs. Moreover, the unencapsulated device also shows remarkable long-term stability over 80 days under dry condition with 20–30% relative humidity (RH) at 20–25 °C, which even maintains 95% of its initial PCE when stored in harsh environment (80 °C and 40–70% RH) over 72 h.
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