The severe dendrite issue of the Zn anode greatly hinders the practical application of aqueous zinc-ion batteries, which demands a prompt solution. This work proposes an electrostripping strategy using sodium citrate (SC) solution as the electrolyte to fabricate a 3D honeycomb-like Zn (3DH-Zn) anode. Theoretical calculations and experimental results reveal that SC preferentially adsorbs on the Zn(100) and Zn(101) planes and exhibits a shielding effect, leading to the major dissolution of Zn atoms from the Zn(002) plane, thus obtaining a honeycomb-like structure. Notably, convinced by morphology characterization and finite element simulation results, Zn 2+ tends to deposit on the lateral sides of the hexagonal holes on the 3DH-Zn anode, resulting in a flat deposition morphology dominated by Zn(101)/Zn(100) planes, which significantly inhibits dendrite formation. As a result, the 3DH-Zn symmetric cell achieves an ultra-long lifespan of 2000 h at 5.0 mA cm −2 and 1.0 mAh cm −2 . Besides, the 3DH-Zn||VO 2 full cell works for 1000 cycles at 1.0 A g −1 with a residual capacity of 123.1 mAh g −1 . This work opens up a new horizon for applying electrostripping strategy in designing advanced Zn anode.
Xiaoying Li,Futang Ren,Lei Jiang,Chaohe Zheng,Qiaoji Zheng,Heng Zhang,Xin Tan,Dunmin Lin
Precise regulation of the zinc electrodeposition process is essential for advancing aqueous zinc-ion batteries with durable cycling performance, as it directly governs dendrite formation. In this work, the conventional strategy focused solely on ion transport regulation is moved beyond, demonstrating that ninhydrin hydrate (Nhh) acts as a “molecular programming agent” to simultaneously regulate the crystallographic orientation and deposition kinetics of zinc ion. Experimental and theoretical studies reveal that the polar hydroxyl and carbonyl groups in Nhh selectively anchor onto the Zn (101) plane via multi-site coordination, which guides lateral atomic stacking along the (101) plane and thereby effectively suppresses vertical dendrite propagation. Moreover, Nhh modulates via coordination effectually regulate the solvation structure of Zn 2+ , significantly lowering the desolvation energy barrier, promoting faster desolvation kinetics, and improving ion transport across the interface. As a result, the Zn||Zn symmetric cell exhibits outstanding cycling life performance, sustaining stability for over 4600 h at 2 mA cm −2 and 2 mAh cm −2 , and remains stable for up to 1600 h under 10 mA cm −2 and 10 mAh cm −2 . Furthermore, the Zn//V 6 O 13 ·nH 2 O full cell maintains 95.4% of its initial capacity after 1000 cycles. This work presents a strategy for the kinetic and morphological regulation of metal electrodeposition via rational molecular design, providing guidance for the development of highly stable metal anodes.
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）