Jie Gao,Zijun Ran,Jingyu Ran,Xin Huang,Chuan Ma,Yunlin Shao
The catalysts utilized for low-temperature catalytic oxidation of Hg 0 from flue gas typically suffer from issues related to H 2 O and SO 2 poisoning. This study focused on doping modification of La 0.875 Ce 0.125 CoO 3 perovskite with promoters and conducted a thorough investigation on the H 2 O and SO 2 resistance through characterization and DFT methods. Experimental results demonstrated that the LCeCO/30 wt% ZrO 2 possessed optimal H 2 O and SO 2 resistance. Under high sulfur (1500 ppm SO 2 ) and high humidity (10 % H 2 O(g)) conditions, it maintained approximately 91 % Hg 0 removal efficiency after thermal regeneration cycles. Characterization results indicated that ZrO 2 doping facilitated the formation of three-dimensional macroporous structure and protected active Co 3+ sites on the surface. Based on DFT calculations, the H 2 O poisoning is attributed to competitive adsorption between H 2 O(g) and Hg 0 on the active sites. Also, the SO 2 poisoning occurs due to competitive adsorption of SO 2 and the toxicity of sulfates to the surface active sites. Meanwhile, ZrO 2 doping can lower the adsorption energies of H 2 O(g) and SO 2 by modifying their adsorption configuration, thus weakening the competitive adsorption of H 2 O(g) and SO 2 with Hg 0 . Overall, LCeCO/ZrO 2 is a promising Hg 0 removal catalyst with superior H 2 O and SO 2 resistance.
Erbium oxide (Er 2 O 3 ) transparent ceramics were successfully fabricated with different contents of zirconia (ZrO 2 ) additive sintered at 1850 °C for 8 h in vacuum. The effects of ZrO 2 concentration on microstructure, optical, mechanical, and thermal properties of Er 2 O 3 transparent ceramics were systematically investigated in this study. With the concentration of ZrO 2 increasing from 0 to 4 at.%, the average grain size of Er 2 O 3 transparent ceramics decreased from 166.6 to 4.7 μm. Also, the Vickers hardness and fracture toughness were increased from 7.6 ± 0.3 to 10.1 ± 0.3 GPa and 0.69 ± 0.05 to 1.09 ± 0.03 MPa m 1/2 , respectively. However, the thermal diffusion coefficient and thermal conductivity reduced slightly after the doping of ZrO 2 . The in-line transmittance of 4 at.% ZrO 2 -doped Er 2 O 3 ceramics with the excellent optical quality reached 77% in the visible range and 78% at 1100 nm, which were 95% and 96% of the theoretical in-line transmittance of Er 2 O 3 single crystal, respectively. There were absorption peaks at 1500 nm and in the visible light range of 4 at.% ZrO 2 -doped Er 2 O 3 ceramics. The Er 2 O 3 ceramics developed in this study can be potential candidates for application in solid-state lasers.
Gd 3 (Al,Ga) 5 O 12 (GAGG) ceramic is a promising scintillation matrix due to its favorable chemical and physical properties. However, difficulties in the preparation of highly transparent ceramics limit its applications in scintillation detectors. In present work, highly transparent GAGG-based ceramics were prepared via solid state reaction and oxygen sintering method. Ceramics with transmittance of up to 73% at around 560 nm were obtained. This transmittance value is very close to the value of 76% for the equivalent single crystal. Effects of ZrO 2 concentration on the microstructure and optical properties of GAGG-based transparent ceramics were intensively studied. It is found that the addition of ZrO 2 can effectively prohibit grain growth while promoting the removal of residual pores.
Li-argyrodite solid-state electrolytes (SSEs) have attracted much attention owing to their high ionic conductivity and low-cost raw materials. However, achieving high lithium-metal compatibility and air stability along with high ionic conductivity remains a challenge. Herein, novel Li6+xP1−xZrxS5−2xO2xCl (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.15) Li-argyrodite SSEs were synthesized via ZrO2 doping. X-ray and neutron diffraction results from Rietveld refinement confirmed the successful substitution of P and S sites in the Li6PS5Cl structure by the ZrO2 dual dopant. The optimized best composition of Li6.05P0.95Zr0.05S4.9O0.1Cl had a high ionic conductivity of 3.97 mS cm−1 and a high ionic mobility number (0.986). Notably, the modified electrolyte exhibited more compatibility with lithium metal compared to the pristine Li6PS5Cl. It also exhibited an ultra-high critical current density (1.7 mA cm−2) and ultra-long cycling performance (800 h, 0.1 mA cm−2) relative to pristine Li6PS5Cl (0.6 mA cm−2) and excellent direct current cycling performance at 0.5 and 0.85 mA cm−2. In addition, the good structural stability after exposure to humid air for a certain period of time, low H2S release, and decrease in ionic conductivity indicated its excellent air stability. Finally, the assembled all-solid-state battery exhibited an initial discharge capacity of 115.9 mA h g−1 at 0.05C magnification and a high capacity retention (79.3%) after 100 cycles. Therefore, Li-argyrodite SSEs with ZrO2 substitution may be a prospective candidate in the future exploration of electrolytes with excellent overall performance.
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