Adsorption membranes have become a hot spot for wastewater treatment in recent years. Due to the lack of active sites in traditional inert materials such as polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membranes, it is difficult to bind pollutants in water with high affinity. Therefore, in this study, ZrT-1-NH 2 /PVDF mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) were prepared by combining an amino-functionalized Zr-based metal–organic cage (ZrT-1-NH 2 ) with a polymer substrate via non-solvent-induced phase separation method for the efficient removal of Orange G (OG) from water. This method has many advantages such as simplicity in operation, high applicability, controllable MOFs loading. The structural characteristics and adsorption properties and of MMMs were also investigated through a series of characterizations and experiments. The result shows that in a 100 mL OG solution with an initial concentration of 50 mg/L and pH=3, M60 exhibited significant adsorption capacity, the removal efficiency reached 97.23 %, with an adsorption capacity of 64.18 mg/g, which is much higher than the pristine PVDF membrane. It is mainly attributed to electrostatic interactions and hydrogen bonding interactions between ZrT-1-NH 2 and OG molecules. This is consistent with the DFT calculations. The introduction of ZrT-1-NH 2 filler improves the performance of PVDF membranes and expands their potential applications.
Herein, a label-free, sensitive, and selective fluorescence probe for the detection of trace nitrite in water sample by metal–organic cages (ZrT-1-NH 2 ) was reported. The fluorescence emission of as-prepared ZrT-1-NH 2 was 450 nm upon the excitation of 373 nm with a quantum yield of about 8.6%, which can be quenched by the addition of nitrite. The proposed sensor owned the advantages of high sensitivity (limit of detection = 0.5 µM), quick response (100 s), and excellent selectivity in the presence of various ions. The fluorescence quenching was due to the diazotization and reduction reaction of –NH 2 with the preliminary studying. Under the optimized condition, the sensor was successfully exemplified by real water samples and comparative performance was achieved.
Malachite green (MG), a cost-effective triphenylmethane dye known for its insecticidal and germicidal properties in aquaculture, unfortunately poses significant environmental and human health-related risks due to its mutagenic, carcinogenic, and teratogenic effects. Herein, a novel diamine-functionalized zirconium-based metal organic cage (Zr-MOC), abbreviated as ZrT-1-(NH 2 ) 2 , was synthesized through microwave-assisted method, serving as a ratiometric fluorescent sensor for the precise detection of MG in aquaculture water. When the pH value was adjusted to 3.0, the probe solution exhibited two distinct characteristic emission bands centered at 454 nm and 582 nm, upon excitation at 365 nm. With the addition of MG, the emission intensity at 582 nm was significantly quenched, whereas the fluorescence intensity at 454 nm was gradually increased. The related experimental data and DFT calculations revealed that the quenching process is predominantly governed by the inner filter effect and static quenching mechanisms. Notably, the ratiometric fluorescence probe exhibited a good linear correlation with the MG concentration within the range of 1.37–17.81 nM, boasting a remarkably low detection limit of 1.05 nM. Furthermore, the proposed ZrT-1-(NH 2 ) 2 ratiometric fluorescence probe features high recoveries (95.37–104.93 %) and low relative standard deviations (RSD<3.5 %) for the detection of trace MG in aquaculture water, indicating its feasibility and practicality for MG detection.
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