Li Qu,Hailong Yu,Fengli Yu,Bing Yuan,Congxia Xie,Shitao Yu
A new and environmental friendly route has been developed to hydrogenate α-pinene to cis -pinane. The α-pinene was hydrogenated using ruthenium (Ru) nanoparticles that were stabilized by modified carboxymethyl cellulose in aqueous medium. The conversion of α-pinene reached 96.6% and the selectivity of cis -pinane was 98.4%. Ru nanoparticles could be recycled 18 times. Ru nanoparticles and micelles were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), dynamic light scattering (DLS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and other detection techniques. Ru nanoparticles (3.2 nm) had a good stability and uniform distribution, the reaction was divided into micelles that appeared to act as “microreactors”, and the micelle size was increased in the absence of sodium carbonate. The good stability of the Ru nanoparticles could be attributed to electrostatic and steric stabilization.
Fengli Yu,Lihua Xie,Fangzhu Wu,Bing Yuan,Congxia Xie,Shitao Yu,Xien Liu,Lei Wang,Dan Wang
Graphical Take core ! Highly dispersed and stable Ru nanoparticle catalysts loaded on boron-doped amphiphilic, core-shell, mesoporous molecular sieves are successfully prepared and used to catalyze the hydrogenation of α-pinene to cis -pinane with an excellent catalytic activity, high selectivity, and good recyclability, in mild experimental conditions given that every nanocomposite is equivalent to a microreactor. Highly dispersed and stable catalysts comprising Ru nanoparticles supported on boron-doped amphiphilic core-shell mesoporous molecular sieves (MMS−C@MMS−NH 2 /B/Ru) with alkyl-modified hydrophobic silica core and NH 2 -functionalized hydrophilic silica shell are successfully prepared for use in hydrogenation of α-pinene for the first time. Dodecyl-modified MMS−C 12 @MMS−NH 2 /B/Ru exhibits the best catalytic activity under mild hydrogenation conditions. The abundant −NH 2 functional groups on the molecular sieve surface and their amphipathy allow the sieves to facilitate attachment of more Ru nanoparticles, and to simplify their dispersion in the water-organic reaction medium. Moreover, B-doped molecular sieves may adjust their acidity to meet the needs of α-pinene hydrogenation. Under mild reaction conditions (25 °C, 1 MPa H 2 , and 1 h), α-pinene can be completely converted with 99 % selectivity to cis -pinane, because every nanocomposite is equivalent to a microreactor. The catalytic activity does not change much over 5 cycles, indicating that Ru nanoparticles are stably loaded on the molecular sieves.
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