Beibei Zhang,Jin Li,Lihua Zhang,Xiutian Wang,Shuting Xie,Jiahao Quan
Separating waste oil spills is a global challenge in environmental governance. Adsorption separation technology, with its simplicity of operation, broad separation range, small footprint, and high efficiency, has attracted increasing attention. Silane coupling agents are commonly employed as hydrophobic modification materials in adsorption separation. However, the effects of silane chain length on performance remain unclear. This study aimed to elucidate the effects of different silane chain lengths on oil-water separation performance. A silane-modified melamine sponge was developed for oil-water separation. The adsorption performance was evaluated using four oil solvents: dichloromethane , n-hexane, heptane, and petroleum ether. The effects of silane chain length on adsorption capacity were investigated, followed by the optimization of parameters for achieving a superhydrophobic sponge with high adsorption capacity. The results indicated that short-chain silane-modified sponges exhibited notable hydrophobicity and high performance. Besides, the contact angle of oil and water on pristine sponge surfaces was nearly 0°, it reached 0° and 149.8°, respectively, on short-chain trimethoxysilane-modified sponges. The adsorption capacities of these modified sponges achieved 120.68 g·g −1 , 93.5 g·g −1 , 59.0 g·g −1 , and 34.3 g·g −1 for heptane, dichloromethane, n-hexane, and petroleum ether, respectively. Adsorption kinetic results confirmed that the adsorption capacity of trimethoxysilane-modified sponges aligned well with both pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order kinetics models, indicating a rapid adsorption rate. Furthermore, the sponge demonstrated consistent separation performance under acidic and alkaline conditions.
Shanshan Duan,Hua Meng,Guanda Yang,Dirk W. Schubert
In this study, nickel-plated melamine sponge composites were prepared via a simple autocatalytic deposition for potential applications in flame resistance, electromagnetic absorption, and strain/pressure sensing. Commercial melamine foams were used as the base material, and nickel plating was achieved through a controllable process involving sensitizing, activating, and autocatalytic plating steps. The obtained Ni@Sponge composites were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) to collect the structure and thermal information. SEM images reveal uniform nickel distribution on the surface of the Ni@Sponge-High skeleton without significant structural deformation. Energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDS) and FTIR analysis results confirm the nickel deposition, while TGA indicates enhanced thermal stability in the nickel-plated composite samples. Flame resistance tests demonstrate improved fire retardancy in the nickel-plated samples compared to that of the original sponge. Moreover, excellent electromagnetic absorption and strain/pressure sensing capabilities of Ni@Sponge-High based electronic sensors were observed, showcasing the potential applications of the composites in future human-machine interaction and artificial intelligence fields.
Due to the energy crisis and environmental pollution, the research on energy-efficient building has increasingly attracted attention. The phase change materials (PCMs) play a vital role in increasing the energy utilization efficiency. In order to protect the PCMs from leakage during phase change process, the melamine sponge (MS) and modified melamine sponge (MMS) are considered as the frameworks. The leakage rate of MS and MMS sample were compared. The thermal and fire behavior was investigated by small room model, infrared thermal imager and cone calorimeter. The results show that the leakage rate of MS is much higher than that of MMS. On the condition of the same percentage of PCMs, MMS sample has better temperature control performance. The MS sample releases heat much faster and more than MMS sample. While MMS plays a role in inhibiting ignition.
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