Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis
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2019
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IF 4.44
Dongsheng Xu,Elena Sánchez-López,Qiqin Wang,Zhengjin Jiang,María Luisa Marina
An analytical methodology based on an O-[2-(methacryloyloxy)-ethylcarbamoyl]-10,11-dihydroquinidine (MQD)-silica hybrid monolithic column was developed for the enantioseparation of 9-fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl (FMOC) derivatized amino acids by nano-liquid chromatography. The mobile phase was optimized including the apparent pH, content of ACN, and concentration of the buffer to obtain a satisfactory enantioresolution performance. 27 FMOC derivatized amino acids including 19 protein and 8 non-protein amino acids were tested, and 19 out of them were enantiomerically discriminated obtaining baseline separation for 11 of them. Analytical characteristics of the method were evaluated for norvaline and tryptophan in terms of linearity, precision, accuracy, limits of detection (LOD) and quantitation (LOQ) showing good performance to be applied to the enantiomeric determination of these amino acids in dietary supplements. LOD and LOQ values were 9.3 and 31 μM for norvaline enantiomers and 7.5 and 25 μM for tryptophan enantiomers, respectively. The contents of d -norvaline and d -tryptophan were below their respective LODs in all the analyzed samples. Quantitation of l -tryptophan and l -norvaline showed good agreement with the labeled contents except for one sample which did not show presence of l -norvaline, contrary to the label indication.
研究领域:
分析化学
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生物化学
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PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL AND ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY
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2022
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IF 6.76
Jie Sun,Yaping Wang,Zhenguo Gao,Junbo Gong,Weiwei Tang
Herein, we report a successful resolution of L-norvaline, a racemic compound system, performed near the eutectic composition by coupling preferential crystallization with tailor-made additives. The structures of enantiomer and racemate were characterized by PXRD, DSC , and the enantiomeric purity were measured by Chiral HPLC. The preferential crystallization process was designed and established from binary melting phase diagram and ternary solution phase diagram. The effects of supersaturation, solution enantiomer composition, and seed quantity on the preferential crystallization process were investigated. However, the significant improvements of enantiomeric purity and product yield were demonstrated by additive-assisted preferential crystallization approach using tailor-made additives. These additives bearing similar structure motifs to norvaline a highly selective binding to the racemate rather than enantiomer and remarkably suppress nucleation of DL-norvaline, the key factor determining the resultant enantiomer purity and separation efficiency. The underly inhibition principle was revealed due to the centrosymmetric packing of the racemate while the polarity of enantiomer leads to only partial or slight crystallization suppression. The interesting inhibition mode by tailor-made additives is also believed to be applicable for other racemic crystallization systems. Our established additive-assisted preferential crystallization has showed great potential in the development of separation technology and resolution of enantiomer from racemic compounds.
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高影响因子
JOURNAL OF ELECTROANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
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2016
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IF 2.822
Donglin Jia,Lu Wang,Yudong Gao,Lina Zou,Baoxian Ye
The electro-polymerization of l -Norvaline was investigated for the first time on glassy carbon electrode. The polymeric conditions and mechanism were discussed in detail. The electrochemical behaviors of metribuzin were studied systematically at this sensor and the dynamic parameters of electrode process were calculated. This electrochemical sensor, fabricated simply and very easy surface update, showed good response for metribuzin with a wide linear range from 6.43 × 10 − 3 to 1.07 μg/mL and a low detection limit of 2.14 × 10 − 3 μg/mL (S/N = 3). The proposed method was successfully applied to determine metribuzin in soil sample with satisfactory results. This work promoted the potential applications of amino acid materials in electrochemical sensors.
研究领域:
分析化学
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环境科学
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生物传感技术
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高影响因子
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY
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2026
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IF 5.7
Xin Li,Xin Wang,Xin Lü
Metabolic inflammation is a major contributor to obesity-related metabolic disturbances, yet safe and bioavailable dietary candidates with multi-organ activity remain limited. DL-norvaline, a nonproteinogenic amino acid, was examined for its safety, pharmacokinetic characteristics, tissue distribution, and anti-inflammatory effects in models of high-fat diet (HFD)–induced obesity. Acute and sub-chronic oral toxicity studies showed no mortality or observable adverse effects, indicating a favorable safety margin. Pharmacokinetic analysis revealed rapid absorption, broad tissue distribution—particularly in liver, intestine, adipose tissue, and kidney—and approximately 20% cumulative excretion, suggesting systemic exposure without excessive accumulation. In vitro experiments using RAW264.7 macrophages demonstrated that DL-norvaline reduced LPS-induced expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines. In HFD-fed mice, DL-norvaline lowered LPS and inflammatory mediators, attenuated hepatic activation of multiple Toll-like receptors and downstream MyD88/NF-κB signaling, and restored Nrf2-associated antioxidant genes. Improvements in oxidative stress, lipid-related gene expression, and liver injury further supported a protective role. Similar anti-inflammatory effects were observed in acute LPS-challenged and combined HFD-LPS models. Together, these findings indicate that DL-norvaline is a safe and systemically bioavailable amino acid that alleviates HFD-induced metabolic inflammation and dysfunction. The integrated toxicological, pharmacokinetic, and mechanistic results support its potential as a candidate for further development in the context of obesity-associated inflammatory disorders. Download: Download high-res image (282KB) Download: Download full-size image
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PubMed
高影响因子
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
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2019
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IF 3.743
Lu Gao,Jia-Hua Zhang,Xiao-Xu Chen,Hui-Li Ren,Xiu-Ling Feng,Jia-Ling Wang,Jun-Hua Xiao
Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) progression may be involved with arginine (Arg) metabolism and immune balance. The present study aimed to explore the effects of L-Arginine (L-Arg) and L-Norvaline (L-Nor) on bleomycin (BLM)-induced PF in mice, meanwhile, and observe dynamic changes of Arg metabolism, immune balance and crosstalk between them in PF progression. Followed intratracheal instillation of BLM or saline, Kunming mice were treated orally with saline, L-Arg, L-Nor and L-Arg + L-Nor three times a day. And the mice were sacrificed on Day 3, 14 and 28 after treatment. Changes of body weight, lung index, lung hydroxyproline and histopathology were analyzed to evaluate the PF degree. Peripheral blood Arg, Citrulline (Cit), Ornithine (Orn) and Proline (Pro), lung NO, NOS and arginase were analyzed to evaluate the Arg metabolism. Peripheral blood Tregs, Th17 and γδT cells were analyzed to evaluate the immune balance. Our data showed that combination of L-Arg and L-Nor dynamically reversed the weight loss, decreased lung index and hydroxyproline, and improved lung histopathological damages induced by BLM. The combination dynamically and significantly rectified Tregs, Th17, γδT and Tregs/Th17 abnormal changes. Meanwhile, these disorders of peripheral blood Arg, Cit, Orn, Pro, Orn/Cit and Pro/Orn, and lung NO, iNOS and TNOS were also improved accordingly. These results demonstrated that combination of L-Arg and L-Nor had inhibitory effects on BLM-induced PF progression, possibly due to their corrective action on immune imbalance, Arg metabolism disorder and crosstalk abnormality in the progression of PF.
研究领域:
药理学
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免疫学
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肺病学
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PubMed
高影响因子
MOLECULAR NUTRITION & FOOD RESEARCH
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2025
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IF 4.2
Xin Li,Bohan Sun,Yanting Qin,Fangfang Yue,Xin Lü
Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) could significantly alter the recipient's gut bacteria composition and attenuate obesity and obesity-related metabolic syndromes. DL-norvaline is a nonproteinogenic amino acid and possesses anti-obesity potential. However, the specific mechanisms by which gut microbiota might mediate beneficial effects of DL-norvaline have not been completely elucidated. In this study, DL-norvaline-mediated FMT upregulated the beneficial bacteria ( Clostridia_UCG_014 , Christensenellales , Bacilli , Ileibacterium , Dubosiella , Lactobacillus , Muribaculaceae , and Bacteroidaceae ) and downregulated the harmful bacteria ( Tuzzerella and Marinifilaceae ), further intestinal inflammation, oxidative stress, and intestinal barrier were alleviated as well as short chain fatty acids levels were increased, thus alleviating glucose and insulin metabolism, improving biochemical indexes and energy metabolism and decreasing body weight gain and tissue weight. However, heat-inactivated FMT did not demonstrate any of those improvements in obese mice. Notably, both DL-norvaline-mediated FMT and heat-inactivated FMT increased Bacteroidaceae and Muribaculaceae , this being a signature of alterations to the gut microbiota marker caused by DL-norvaline. Therefore, the beneficial effects of DL-norvaline were transmissible via FMT. This study highlighted the pivotal involvement of the gut microbiota in the development of obesity and provided a novel insight into the underlying mechanisms of FMT, thereby potentially enhancing the efficacy and refinement of FMT utilization.
研究领域:
微生物学
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营养学
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代谢研究
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PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
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2025
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IF 6.2
Xin Li,Yanting Qin,Fangfang Yue,Xin Lü
Norvaline is a nonproteinogenic amino acid and an important food ingredient supplement for healthy food. In this study, dl-norvaline administration reduced body weight by more than 40% and improved glucose metabolism and energy metabolism in obese mice induced by a high-fat diet (HFD). Combination analysis of microbiome and metabolomics showed that dl-norvaline supplementation regulated gut bacteria structure, such as increasing beneficial bacteria (Mollicutes_RF39, Ruminococcaceae, Bacteroidaceae, Rikenellaceae, Lactobacillaceae, Clostridiaceae_1, uncultured_bacterium_f_Muribaculaceae, and Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group) and decreasing harmful bacteria (Fusobacteriia, Desulfovibrionales, Enterobacteriaceae, Burkholderiaceae, Helicobacteraceae, and Veillonellaceae) and modulated the metabolites involved in arachidonic acid metabolism, thus further promoting short-chain fatty acid production and improving gut barrier, thereby inflammatory responses and oxidative stress were ameliorated. In addition, the pseudogerm-free mouse model verified that dl-norvaline ameliorated obesity-associated disorders in HFD-fed obese mice by targeting gut microbiota. These results clarified that dl-norvaline may be promising for developing and innovating potential functional food products.
研究领域:
营养学
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微生物学
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代谢生物学
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药理学
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PubMed
高影响因子
Food Bioscience
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2025
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IF 5.9
Li Xin,Ma Yuntian,Wang Xin,Lü Xin
Macronutrients participate in vital biological processes and are critical in regulating organismal health. DL-norvaline, a nonproteinogenic amino acid, is an important pharmaceutical intermediate and a functional food ingredient for obesity control. This study aimed to explore the ameliorative effect and underlying mechanisms of DL-norvaline on lipid metabolism in high-fat diet-induced obese mice. The results showed that DL-norvaline inhibited adipogenesis and lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes, ameliorated tissue weight, food efficiency ratio and serum biochemical markers in obese mice. The combined transcriptomics and lipidomics analysis showed that lipid metabolism of adipose tissue such as sphingolipid and glycerophospholipid metabolism was ameliorated in obese mice after DL-norvaline treatment, particularly ceramides, via regulating peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor signaling pathway. This study offered a complementary perspective for exploring the effects of amino acids on lipid metabolism and speculated the possible mechanisms of ameliorating lipid-metabolism disorders by DL-norvaline in obese mice.
研究领域:
生物化学
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分子生物学
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营养学
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药理学
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高影响因子
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