ECS Journal of Solid State Science and Technology
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2024
·Vol. 13
·期 5
·054001
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IF 1.8
Changxin Dong,Xinhuan Niu,Jianghao Liu,Ni Zhan,Yida Zou,Chao He,Xinjie Li,Fu Luo,Yunhui Shi,Jiabao Cheng
For Ruthenium (Ru)-based copper (Cu) interconnects Cu film chemical mechanical polishing (CMP), it is crucial to select appropriate pH regulators in the slurry to ensure the chemical reactions and maintain the stability of the polishing chemical environment. In this study, the effects of inorganic pH regulator KOH, organic pH regulator diethanolamine (DEA), and 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) on CMP and slurry properties of Cu film were compared. It was found when using AMP as a pH regulator, the Cu/Ru removal rate selectivity (RRS) can reach 598:1, the surface roughness of Cu film decreased to 0.76 nm, and the slurry can remain stable for at least 7 d. The performance order of the three pH regulators is AMP＞KOH＞DEA. Meanwhile, through experimental results and test analysis, it has been confirmed that AMP can also play a multifunctional role as a complexing agent, dispersant, and surfactant. Therefore, AMP can replace KOH as a new pH regulator in weak alkaline slurries. This result plays an important role in guiding the selection of organic pH regulators in the optimization of Cu film CMP slurry.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Materials Today Communications
·
2023
·
IF 3.8
Chao Lu,Zhi Yang,Yi Ding,Yujie Wang,Xiaolian Wang,Tao Li,Qiuyang Tan
Ammonium vanadate (NH 4 V 4 O 10 : NVO) as cathode for rechargeable aqueous zinc-ion batteries (AZIBs) have drawn extensive concern due to its high specific capacity and long cycle life. The controllable synthesis of high-performance NH 4 V 4 O 10 is greatly desirable for the development of AZIBs but still remains a significant challenge. In this work, sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, and nitric acid were used as pH regulators to prepare NVO via a simple one-step hydrothermal route. The resulting NVO product (NVO-1) based on sulfuric acid pH regulator has the optimal overall performance for its favorable structure stability originated from the high crystallinity and wonderful 3D cross-linked nanowire morphology, contributing to fast electron transfer in the (de)intercalation process of Zn 2+ . Consequently, NVO-1 electrode exhibits excellent rate capability and cyclic stability, delivering high reversible capacities of 418.9 and 257.1 mAh g −1 at current densities of 0.1 and 2 A g −1 , respectively, and demonstrating a discharge capacity of 105.7 mAh g −1 as well as superior long-term durability with an ultra-high capacity retention of 119.7 % at a large current density of 5 A g −1 after 2000 cycles. Investigation on the electrochemical kinetics reveals that surface capacitive behavior plays a significant role in the highly reversible Zn 2+ storage in NVO electrode.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
电化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
COLLOIDS AND SURFACES A-PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS
·
2023
·
IF 5.2
Ke Xu,Fuchuan Liu,Cunchuan Zheng,Jianlin Lai,Jingnan Ge,Yang Shi,Yang Li,Tianyi Wang
In this work, based on theory and experiment the fracturing fluid additives are developed, including thickener , crosslinker, pH regulator and temperature stabilizer . The effect of additives on the performance of fracturing fluid was investigated with the temperature and shear resistance as the evaluation index. A synergistic strategy for constructing ultra-high temperature fracturing fluid was obtained. The main content of this strategy is ' main + auxiliary ', the correct choice of the main agent combined with an auxiliary agent to form a temperature-resistant fracturing fluid system. The main agent is thickener and crosslinker, pH regulator and temperature stabilizer are auxiliary agents. Two ultra-high temperature fracturing fluid systems are obtained by the strategy, which meets the requirements of temperature and shear resistance at 200 °C, 100 s −1 and 240 °C, 100 s −1 , respectively. More importantly, the temperature resistance mechanism of fracturing fluid is analyzed at the micro and macro levels, based on chemical reaction, rheology, and microstructure information. This study is helpful for us to understand the selection and function of fracturing fluid additives. The developed fracturing fluid is expected to be used in the fracturing stimulation of unconventional reservoirs.
研究领域:
石油工程
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材料科学
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DOI
高影响因子
Biomaterials Science
·
2024
·
IF 5.8
Yicheng Jiang,Li Mi,Xiang Xu,Adric Ru Khiing Hii,Zhenghong Wu,Xiaole Qi
Destruction of insulin caused by the gastric microenvironment and rapid deactivation pose inevitable barriers to oral macromolecular absorption, especially for most peptide and protein drugs. In this study, we developed high-density sodium alginate microspheres composed of magnesium oxide and urease to address these challenges. These microspheres aim to anchor the gastric mucus layer and induce microenvironmental liquefaction, thereby enhancing gastric retention and the protection of insulin. The sedimentation test confirmed the capability of the Ins/Ur/MgO@SA microsphere to rapidly traverse the gastric juice under the influence of gravity. Additionally, the urease immobilized on the Ins/Ur/MgO@SA microspheres catalyzes the hydrolysis of urea in the gastric mucus and promotes the liquefaction of mucus, which is beneficial for microsphere retention. The inclusion of MgO particles and urease, acting as pHM modifiers, helps in adjusting the local pH to avoid gastric acid-induced damage. Subsequently, an in vivo pharmacokinetic experiment verified that the relative bioavailability of the p.o. Ins/Ur/MgO@SA treated group was 15-fold higher than that of the p.o.insulin treated group. Meanwhile, satisfactory blood glucose level (BGL) reduction was observed in diabetic animals. In conclusion, Ins/Ur/MgO@SA microspheres demonstrate high biocompatibility as insulin carriers with prolonged drug release time and increased gastric retention properties, showing a far-reaching strategy for oral macromolecular drug delivery.
研究领域:
药学
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药物递送系统
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生物技术
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药理学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
·
2023
·
IF 9.5
Wen Guo,Dinglingge Cao,Weihan Rao,Tao Sun,Yiman Wei,Yang Wang,Lin Yu,Jiandong Ding
Local anesthetics are important for the treatment of postoperative pain. Since a single injection of the solution of a drug such as bupivacaine (BUP) works only for a few hours, it is much required to develop a long-term injectable formulation that maintains its efficacy for more than 1 day. Herein, an intelligent copolymer hydrogel loaded with BUP microcrystals was invented. The biodegradable block copolymer was synthesized by us and composed of a central hydrophilic poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) block and two hydrophobic poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) blocks. The aqueous system of the amphiphilic copolymer underwent a sol–gel transition between room temperature and body temperature and, thus, physically gelled after injection. Considering the decrease of solubility of BUP with the increase of pH and the internal acidic environment due to the hydrolysis of PLGA, calcium carbonate (CaCO3) powder was introduced as a pH regulator. Then, the internal pH was found to be nearly neutral and many BUP microcrystals were dispersed in the gel network. In this way, BUP had achieved a sustained release out of the thermogel. The maximum possible effect (MPE) in a rat sciatic nerve blockade model was used to describe the sensory blockade effect. In vivo analgesic effects evaluated with a hot plate experiment of rats demonstrated that the thermogel encapsulated with BUP microcrystal and CaCO3 powder significantly prolonged analgesia up to 44 h, the duration time with respect to 50% MPE. The intramuscularly injected implant exhibited biocompatibility in histological analyses. Besides, the untreated leg of the rats was not influenced by the treated leg, indicating no obvious systematic anesthesia of this hydrogel formulation. Such an intelligent and composite formulation represents a potential strategy for long-acting analgesia therapy.
研究领域:
药理学
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材料科学
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生物医学工程
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
TRIBOLOGY INTERNATIONAL
·
2025
·
IF 6.9
Bin Hu,Xinhuan Niu,Jiakai Zhou,Changxin Dong,Chao He,Xinjie Li,Zheng Wu,Jiahui Li
The development of sapphire slurry follows the principles of compositional simplification, environmental sustainability, and high efficiency with low cost. This study systematically investigated the effects of polyhydroxyamine pH regulators, 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP), 2-amino-2-methyl-1,3-propanediol (AMPD), and tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane (TRIS), on the polishing performance of C-, R-, and M-plane sapphire substrates. The results demonstrated that TRIS exhibited the highest efficacy, achieving material removal rates (MRRs) of 5.512 µm/h, 3.422 µm/h, and 4.541 µm/h for C-, R-, and M-plane sapphire, respectively, while reducing surface roughness (Sq) to 0.191 nm, 0.178 nm, and 0.184 nm. Tribological analysis, SEM characterization, zeta potential measurements, particle size distribution tests, and spectroscopic techniques (UV-Vis, XPS, and FTIR) were employed to elucidate the mechanical and chemical mechanisms governing material removal. All three pH regulators can also function as complexing agents, forming complexes with Al OH 4 − , with TRIS demonstrating the strongest chelation capability. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations further verified these findings, revealing that TRIS possesses the highest number of reactive sites. The consistency between computational and experimental results established a quantitative structure-performance relationship. This work provides a green and efficient paradigm for the precision machining of hard, brittle materials.
研究领域:
材料科学
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表面工程
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半导体制造
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计算化学
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机械工程
·
电子材料
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）