Food & Function
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2023
·Vol. 14
·期 14
·6363-6375
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IF 6.1
Mengyang Liu,Haitao Wang,Xu Yan,Sufang Zhang,Chaofan Ji,Yingxi Chen,Beiwei Zhu,Xinping Lin
A carotenoid production strain Rhodosporidium toruloides NP11 and its mutant strain R. toruloides A1-15 were studied under chemostat nitrogen-limited cultivation. Multi-omics analysis (metabolomics, lipidomics and transcriptomics) was used to investigate the different mechanisms of torularhodin accumulation between NP11 and A1-15. The results showed that the carotenoid synthesis pathway was significantly enhanced in A1-15 compared to NP11 under nitrogen limitation, due to the significant increase of torularhodin. Under nitrogen-limited conditions, higher levels of β-oxidation were present in A1-15 compared to those in NP11, which provided sufficient precursors for carotenoid synthesis. In addition, ROS stress accelerated the intracellular transport of iron ions, promoted the expression of CRTI and CRTY genes, and reduced the transcript levels of FNTB1 and FNTB2 in the bypass pathway, and these factors may be responsible for the regulation of high torularhodin production in A1-15. This study provided insights into the selective production of torularhodin.
研究领域:
微生物学
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代谢组学
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脂质组学
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转录组学
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生物技术
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
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2019
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IF 3.571
Ruiqi Bao,Ning Gao,Jing Lv,Chaofan Ji,Huipeng Liang,Shengjie Li,Chenxu Yu,Zhenyu Wang,Xinping Lin
Nine transformants of Rhodosporidium toruloides with significant changes in the carotenoid profile were obtained by Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation, including a white, three red, and four yellow mutants. A red mutant A1-15-BRQ that showed a high torularhodin production was selected for culture condition optimization. Results indicated that the torularhodin yield was boosted with glucose as the carbon source, at a carbon/nitrogen ratio of 22, a loading volume of 75 mL, and 28 °C. The torularhodin yield of 21.3 mg/L consisting of 94.4% total carotenoids was obtained by Box–Behnken design experiments. The torularhodin yield was 17.0-fold higher than that of the wild type, with time shortened from 9 to 3 days. This study reports an effective strategy for improving torularhodin production and provides a candidate R. toruloides strain for highly selective production of torularhodin.
研究领域:
微生物学
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生物技术
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代谢工程
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
FOOD RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL
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2025
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IF 8
Wenlong Deng,Yi Guo,Qigui Mo,Jiaqi Liu,Yanting Su,Zhihao Wei,Runtao Ma,Jiaqi Chen,Yue Song,Tianqi Chen,Peng Wang,Wei Yu,Surui Lu
This study primarily investigates the pivotal role of torularhodin in alleviating diabetic nephropathy in mice. Oral administration of torularhodin at a dose of 30 mg/kg/day for 8 weeks significantly improved diabetic symptoms and mitigated kidney tissue damage in a mouse model of diabetic nephropathy. Integrating findings from both network pharmacology and in vivo experiments, the study confirmed that torularhodin activates the Nrf2 signaling pathway, thereby promoting the expression of multiple antioxidant enzymes to directly reduce oxidative stress and mitochondrial damage in renal tissues. Moreover, combined analyses of metabolomics and gut microbiota profiling revealed that torularhodin increased the abundance of Muribaculaceae , Moraxellaceae , and Erysipelotrichaceae , while decreasing the abundance of Lactobacillaceae and Enterobacteriaceae . These microbial shifts were accompanied by increased levels of key metabolites, such as Glycerol 3-Phosphate and d -Fructose 6-Phosphate, which helped alleviate amino acid metabolic disorders, restore energy metabolism, and reduce oxidative stress in the kidneys via the gut-kidney axis. This study demonstrates that the protective effects of torularhodin against diabetic nephropathy arise both from its direct antioxidant and mitochondrial protective actions, and partly from modulation of the gut microbiota and their metabolites. These findings provide new insights into the mechanisms of torularhodin and establish a theoretical basis for its potential use as a therapeutic strategy for diabetic nephropathy.
研究领域:
药理学
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代谢组学
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微生物组学
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分子生物学
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肾脏病学
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氧化应激
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高影响因子
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
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2021
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IF 5.279
Chunji Li,Ping Cheng,Zhiheng Li,Yuzhao Xu,Yunhao Sun,Di Qin,Guohui Yu
Carotenoids are a group of tetraterpene pigments widely used in the food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic industries. Torulene, torularhodin, and β-carotene, three principal carotenoids synthesized by Rhodotorula glutinis ZHK, possess strong health-promoting properties such as antioxidant, provitamin A, and antitumor. Here, the effect of different salt conditions on carotenoids production of R. glutinisZHK was investigated. The results showed that the total carotenoids were significantly enhanced in 0.5 M (3.91 mg/L) and 0.75 M (5.41 mg/L) NaCl treatments than that in 1.0 M (0.35 mg/L) and control (1.42 mg/L) after 120 h of cultivation. Of which, the increase in torulene and torularhodin production acts as the main contributor to the enhancement of total carotenoids. Transcriptome profiling revealed that salt stress efficiently promotes the gene expression of crtI, which could explain the molecular mechanisms of the enhanced torulene and torularhodin production under salt stress. Further experiments indicated that torulene and torularhodin play an important role in quenching excrescent reactive oxygen species induced by salt stress. Together, the present study reports an effective strategy for simultaneously improving torulene and torularhodin production in R. glutinis ZHK.
研究领域:
微生物学
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生物化学
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分子生物学
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生物技术
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PubMed
高影响因子
Food Chemistry: Molecular Sciences
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2024
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IF 4.1
Die Zhao,Chunji Li,Nan Zeng,Dandan Wang,Guohui Yu,Ning Zhang,Bingxue Li
Carotenoids, a family of lipid-soluble pigments, have garnered growing interest for their health-promoting benefits and are widely utilized in the food, feed, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic industries. Rhodosporidiobolus odoratu s, a representative oleaginous red yeast, is considered a promising alternative for producing high-value carotenoids including β-carotene, torulene, and torularhodin. Here, the impact of varying concentrations of NaCl treatments on carotenoid contents in R. odoratus XQR after 120 h of incubation was examined. The results indicated that, as compared to the control (59.37 μg/g dw ), the synthesis of total carotenoids was significantly increased and entirely suppressed under low-to-moderate (0.25 mol/L: 68.06 μg/g dw , 0.5 mol/L: 67.62 μg/g dw , and 0.75 mol/L: 146.47 μg/g dw ) and high (1.0, 1.25, and 1.5 mol/L: 0 μg/g dw ) concentrations of NaCl treatments, respectively. Moreover, the maximum production of β-carotene (117.62 μg/g dw ), torulene (21.81 μg/g dw ), and torularhodin (7.04 μg/g dw ) was achieved with a moderate concentration (0.75 mol/L) of NaCl treatment. Transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses suggested that the increase in β-carotene, torulene, and torularhodin production might be primarily attributed to the up-regulation of some key protein-coding genes involved in the terpenoid backbone biosynthesis ( atoB , HMGCS , and mvaD ), carotenoid biosynthesis ( crtYB and crtI ), and TCA cycle ( pckA , DLAT, pyc, MDH1 , gltA , acnA , IDH1/2 , IDH3 , sucA , sucB , sucD , LSC1 , SDHA , and fumA/fumB ). The present study not only demonstrates a viable method to concurrently increase the production of β-carotene, torulene, torularhodin, and total carotenoids in R. odoratus XQR, but it also establishes a molecular foundation for further enhancing their production through genetic engineering.
研究领域:
微生物学
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分子生物学
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生物技术
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
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