技术文章

4-Bromo-3-fluoro-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole: Properties & Uses

4-bromo-3-fluoro-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole is a halogenated, N-methylated pyrazole building block valued in medicinal chemistry and materials science for its dual halogen handles and electron-withdrawing fluorine substituent that enable selective cross-coupling and further functionalization reactions.

IUPAC Name
4-bromo-3-fluoro-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole
SKU
B175037
Molecular Formula
C4H4BrFN2
Molecular Weight
178.99 g/mol
Core Scaffold
1-Methylpyrazole
Key Substituents
Bromo at C-4, Fluoro at C-3, Methyl at N-1
Primary Application
Synthetic building block for cross-coupling and drug discovery
Storage
Cool, dry, well-ventilated location; away from moisture

Chemical Identity and Structure

4-Bromo-3-fluoro-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole (SKU B175037) is a five-membered nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compound belonging to the pyrazole family. The scaffold consists of two adjacent nitrogen atoms within the ring, with N-1 carrying a methyl group that locks the regiochemistry and prevents N–H tautomerism. The C-3 position bears a fluorine substituent, while C-4 carries a bromine atom. This precise arrangement of halogens on the pyrazole ring makes each position electronically and sterically distinct, enabling chemists to exploit site-selective reactivity.

The presence of fluorine at C-3 exerts a strong inductive electron-withdrawing effect on the ring, modulating the electron density at adjacent positions. The bromine at C-4 serves as a versatile handle for transition-metal-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions, including Suzuki–Miyaura, Negishi, and Buchwald–Hartwig couplings. Together, these features make the compound a compact yet information-rich building block for constructing complex molecular architectures.

Applications in Synthesis and Drug Discovery

Halogenated pyrazoles such as 4-bromo-3-fluoro-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole have become important intermediates in pharmaceutical and agrochemical research. The C–Br bond at C-4 is amenable to palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling, allowing researchers to install aryl, heteroaryl, vinyl, or alkyl groups in a highly controlled fashion. This flexibility supports rapid generation of compound libraries during lead optimization campaigns in drug discovery.

The fluorine substituent at C-3 contributes beyond its role as an electron-withdrawing group. In drug candidates, fluorine atoms are often strategically incorporated to improve metabolic stability, enhance membrane permeability, and fine-tune binding affinity through electrostatic or van der Waals interactions with target proteins. The N-methyl group further restricts conformational flexibility and can improve the pharmacokinetic profile of derived molecules.

In materials science and agrochemistry, fluorinated pyrazole fragments are employed to tune the electronic properties of dyes, ligands, and crop-protection agents. The compound therefore serves as a versatile intermediate across multiple application domains.

Handling, Safety, and Storage

As with most halogenated organic reagents, 4-bromo-3-fluoro-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole should be handled with appropriate laboratory precautions. Researchers should wear suitable personal protective equipment (PPE) including chemically resistant gloves, safety goggles, and a laboratory coat. All manipulations should be carried out in a well-ventilated fume hood to minimize inhalation exposure.

The compound should be stored in a tightly sealed container in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated area, away from sources of heat, moisture, and incompatible materials such as strong oxidizers or bases. Proper labeling and secondary containment are recommended. Disposal must comply with applicable local and national regulations governing halogenated organic waste.

Researchers should consult the Safety Data Sheet (SDS) provided by Aladdin Scientific for detailed hazard classifications, first-aid measures, and regulatory information specific to this compound (SKU B175037) before use.

Ordering and Specifications

4-Bromo-3-fluoro-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole is available from Aladdin Scientific under SKU B175037. Researchers and procurement teams can request product specifications including purity grade, available pack sizes, and certificate of analysis (CoA) directly through the Aladdin Scientific website or by contacting the technical sales team.

When placing an order, it is recommended to confirm the required quantity and purity grade to ensure suitability for your specific application. Aladdin Scientific offers competitive pricing, and bulk quantities may be available upon request. For institutions with standing orders or framework agreements, please consult the Aladdin rewards and pricing program for potential cost savings.

Frequently asked questions

What cross-coupling reactions can be performed using 4-bromo-3-fluoro-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole?

The C–Br bond at C-4 makes this compound a suitable electrophilic partner for palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions, including Suzuki–Miyaura (boronic acid coupling), Negishi (organozinc), Stille (organotin), and Buchwald–Hartwig (C–N bond formation) protocols. The selectivity of the bromine over the aryl C–F bond under standard conditions allows controlled functionalization at C-4.

Why is the N-methyl group important in 1-methyl-1H-pyrazole derivatives?

The N-methyl group at N-1 eliminates the possibility of N–H tautomerism, which occurs in unsubstituted pyrazoles and can complicate regiochemical outcomes in synthesis. By fixing the substitution pattern, N-methylation ensures that C-3 and C-4 substituents retain their defined positions throughout subsequent reactions, improving predictability and reproducibility in synthetic workflows.

What role does the fluorine substituent play in drug discovery applications?

Fluorine at C-3 serves multiple roles in drug discovery. Its strong electronegativity modulates the electron density of the pyrazole ring, which can influence binding interactions with biological targets. In derived drug candidates, fluorine atoms are widely used to improve metabolic stability by blocking oxidative metabolism at adjacent positions, to increase lipophilicity in a controlled manner, and to enhance cell membrane permeability.

How should 4-bromo-3-fluoro-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole be stored to maintain stability?

The compound should be stored in a tightly closed container in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated area, protected from moisture and direct light. It should be kept away from strong oxidizing agents and bases. Always consult the Aladdin Scientific Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for SKU B175037 for the most current storage recommendations.

References

  1. Clayden, J.; Greeves, N.; Warren, S. Organic Chemistry, 2nd ed.; Oxford University Press: Oxford, 2012. (General reference for heterocyclic chemistry and cross-coupling reactions.)
  2. Levin, M. D. et al. Fluorine in medicinal chemistry: A century of contribution. Chem. Rev. (General review on fluorine in drug design; specific volume and page require verification.)
  3. Aladdin Scientific. Product Information Sheet: 4-Bromo-3-fluoro-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole, SKU B175037. Aladdin Scientific, Shanghai.

Products are supplied for research and development use only. Not for use in humans, animals, diagnosis, or therapy.

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引用本文

阿拉丁科学.《4-Bromo-3-fluoro-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole: Properties & Uses》. 阿拉丁知识库,更新于 2026年10月3日。 https://www.aladdin-e.com/zh_cn/faqs/4-bromo-3-fluoro-1-methyl-1h-pyrazole-properties-uses-en.html
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