To understand the principles and methods of simulating genetics experiments by computer. Through the simulation of the laws of free association and chain exchange, students are required to grasp the effects of different population sizes and different recombination value sizes on test results. Through computer simulations of genetic drift, students are required to grasp the effects of population size on population gene frequencies and genotype frequencies.

Operation method

analog method

Principle

1. many genetics experiments are random in nature. 2. a large number of genetics experiments can be simulated by using the fast computing speed of computers. 3. random functions are used to produce gametes and haplogroups that conform to a certain distribution.

Materials and Instruments

calculators

Move

1. Equipment: computers and their computer simulation software (students may prepare their own).
2. Simulation of the free combination law: the F2 generation of four phenotypes with sample sizes of 50, 200, and 400 and the number of trials of 100, respectively.
3. Computer simulation of chain genetics: the number of samples was chosen as 50, 200 and 400, and the values of recombination were taken as 20, 30 and 40, respectively, and each situation was simulated 100 times.
4. Computer simulation of drift: Model II, with three test populations, each of which was chosen to be 50, 200, and 1,000 in size.

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