In vitro fertilization (IVF) is a technological process in which fertilization is accomplished in an in vitro environment between a mature oocyte and an energized sperm, either in vivo or in vitro. In biology, an animal obtained after the transfer of an IVF embryo to the mother is called a test-tubeanimal. This technology is not only of theoretical significance for the study of gamete development, maturation, fertilization and early embryonic cell differentiation, but also of great significance for the solution of human infertility and other social problems, and also of wide practical value for the acceleration of animal reproduction in production.

Principle

The principle of in vitro fertilization is based on the incubation of the oocyte with sperm from the epididymis in the uterine fluid, where the release of the dipolar body and the onset of oogenesis can be observed. However, the spermatozoa are not capable of fertilization until they have spent some time in the female reproductive tract, a phenomenon known as sperm capacitation.

Appliance

In vitro fertilization is commonly used for research on gamete development, maturation, fertilization and early embryonic cell differentiation, solving social problems such as human infertility, and accelerating animal reproduction.

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