Background: LILRB2 and Its Role in Immune Regulation

LILRB2 (Leukocyte Immunoglobulin-like Receptor B2), also known as ILT4, LIR-2, or CD85d, is an inhibitory receptor belonging to the leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor (LILR) family. It is predominantly expressed on myeloid cells including monocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells, and granulocytes.

LILRB2 signals through intracellular immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motifs (ITIMs), which recruit phosphatases such as SHP-1 and SHP-2 to dampen immune activation. This receptor recognizes MHC class I molecules (including HLA-A, -B, -C, and -G) as well as non-classical ligands, positioning it as a critical regulator of myeloid cell function, tolerance, and tumor immune evasion.

Growing research interest surrounds LILRB2 as a myeloid immune checkpoint target, with implications for cancer immunotherapy, transplantation tolerance, and inflammatory diseases. High-quality monoclonal antibodies against LILRB2 are essential tools for dissecting these pathways.

Product Specifications and Formulation Details

The LILRB2 Mouse mAb (Ab351281) is a mouse-derived monoclonal antibody targeting human LILRB2. The product is supplied in a PBS-only (Phosphate-Buffered Saline) formulation, without carrier proteins or preservatives such as BSA or sodium azide, unless otherwise specified on the product datasheet.

Key Specifications:

• Catalog Number: Ab351281
• Host Species: Mouse
• Antibody Format: Monoclonal
• Formulation: PBS only
• Reference: absea #KC-28769

Because the formulation contains no preservative, researchers should exercise aseptic technique during handling, aliquot the antibody upon first use to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles, and store aliquots at -20°C or -80°C for long-term stability. Refer to the official product datasheet for confirmed clone identity, isotype, concentration, and validated applications before initiating experiments.

Recommended Applications and Protocol Guidance

Monoclonal antibodies against LILRB2 are commonly employed across a range of immunological assay formats. While specific validated applications for Ab351281 should be confirmed on the official datasheet, the following applications are broadly relevant for anti-LILRB2 monoclonal antibodies:

• Flow Cytometry (FC): Detection of LILRB2 surface expression on monocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells. Use recommended dilutions as per datasheet; include appropriate isotype controls.
• Immunofluorescence (IF): Localization of LILRB2 on fixed and permeabilized cells or tissue sections.
• Immunoprecipitation (IP): Pull-down of LILRB2-containing protein complexes for interaction studies.
• Western Blot (WB): Detection of LILRB2 protein in cell or tissue lysates under denaturing conditions; confirm antibody suitability for denatured antigen recognition on the datasheet.
• Functional Blocking Assays: Neutralization or blockade of LILRB2–ligand interactions in in vitro functional studies.

General Protocol Tips: Titrate the antibody for each application to determine the optimal working concentration. For flow cytometry, 1–5 µg/mL is a common starting range, but empirical optimization is required. Always include negative isotype controls and, where feasible, validated positive controls expressing LILRB2.

Storage, Handling, and Quality Assurance

Proper storage and handling of the LILRB2 Mouse mAb (Ab351281) is critical to preserving antibody activity and ensuring reproducible experimental results.

Storage Recommendations:

• Store at -20°C for short- to medium-term storage.
• For long-term storage exceeding six months, -80°C is recommended.
• Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles; aliquot into single-use volumes upon receipt.
• Protect from light if the antibody is conjugated to a fluorophore (confirm conjugation status on the datasheet).
• Do not store in frost-free freezers that undergo temperature cycling.

Quality Assurance: Each lot of Ab351281 is manufactured under controlled conditions referenced to absea #KC-28769. Researchers are advised to retain the Certificate of Analysis (CoA) and lot number for records, regulatory compliance, and reproducibility documentation. Perform a pilot experiment when transitioning to a new antibody lot to confirm consistent performance.

Shipping: The antibody is shipped in PBS-only formulation; confirm cold-chain packaging upon receipt and inspect for signs of damage or compromised integrity before use.