The addition and elimination of water are common modes of chemical transformation in metabolic networks. Unlike hydrolysis reactions, which use water to directly cleave chemical bonds, hydro-lyases generally form double bonds through dehydration or alter the positions of double bonds and ...
Carbonic anhydrases maintain tissue acid-base balance and gas transport by catalyzing the reversible conversion of carbon dioxide and bicarbonate. Abnormal expression of different isoenzymes can contribute to tumor acidification, glaucoma, abnormal neuronal excitability, and metabolic disorders.
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