What Is Triglycidyl Isocyanurate (TGIC)?

Triglycidyl Isocyanurate (TGIC, CAS 2451-62-9) is a heterocyclic trifunctional epoxy compound derived from cyanuric acid. Its core structure is a symmetric 1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-trione (isocyanurate) ring with three glycidyl ether substituents attached to each ring nitrogen. The molecular formula is C₁₂H₁₅N₃O₆ and the molecular weight is approximately 297.27 g/mol.

The compound is commercially available as a white to off-white crystalline solid. Its trifunctionality (epoxy equivalent weight ≈ 99 g/eq) makes it highly effective as a network-forming crosslinker when combined with di- or polyfunctional co-reactants such as carboxylic acids, amines, or anhydrides. The symmetric isocyanurate nucleus confers exceptional UV stability compared with purely aliphatic or bisphenol-A-based epoxies, making TGIC particularly valued in exterior durable coating applications.

Key Applications of TGIC in Research and Industry

Powder Coatings: TGIC is most widely used as a crosslinker for carboxyl-functional polyester resins in thermosetting powder coatings. At typical cure temperatures (160–200 °C), the epoxy groups of TGIC react with terminal carboxyl groups of the polyester to form a densely crosslinked ester network. This delivers excellent hardness, flexibility, chemical resistance, and outdoor weatherability—properties critical for architectural, automotive, and industrial finishing applications.

Electrical and Electronic Encapsulation: The high glass-transition temperatures achievable with TGIC-cured systems and the inherent flame-retardant character of the isocyanurate ring make TGIC useful in epoxy formulations for printed circuit board laminates, transformer encapsulants, and other electrical insulation applications.

Polymer and Materials Research: Laboratory researchers use TGIC as a model trifunctional crosslinker to study network topology, gelation kinetics, and structure–property relationships in epoxy thermoset systems. It is also investigated as a reactive compatibilizer and chain extender for engineering polymers such as PET and PBT in reactive extrusion processes.

Adhesives and Composites: TGIC's reactivity with amine and anhydride hardeners allows its incorporation into structural adhesive and fiber-reinforced composite formulations where UV stability is a requirement.

Handling, Safety, and Storage Guidelines

Hazard Classification: TGIC is classified as a reproductive toxicant (Category 2) and skin sensitizer under GHS/CLP regulations. It has been listed as a Substance of Very High Concern (SVHC) under REACH in the European Union due to its mutagenic and reproductive toxicity profile. Users should consult the current Safety Data Sheet (SDS) before working with TGIC.

Personal Protective Equipment: Wear nitrile or neoprene gloves, chemical splash goggles, and a lab coat when handling TGIC powder. Because the material is a dust and a sensitizer, work in a well-ventilated fume hood or use respiratory protection (minimum P2/FFP2 particulate respirator) to avoid inhalation of fine particles.

Storage: Store TGIC in a tightly sealed container in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from heat sources, strong oxidizers, and strong acids or bases. Recommended storage temperature is typically 2–8 °C for long-term stability, though room-temperature storage in sealed containers is acceptable for shorter periods. Keep away from moisture to prevent hydrolytic ring-opening of the epoxide groups.

Waste Disposal: Dispose of TGIC and TGIC-containing waste in accordance with local and national regulations for chemical waste. Do not discharge into waterways.

Physicochemical Properties Overview

The table below summarizes the principal physicochemical properties of Triglycidyl Isocyanurate relevant to laboratory and formulation work:

• CAS Number: 2451-62-9
• Molecular Formula: C₁₂H₁₅N₃O₆
• Molecular Weight: 297.27 g/mol
• Appearance: White to off-white crystalline powder
• Melting Point: Approximately 97–103 °C (reported range varies by grade and purity; review flag applies)
• Epoxy Equivalent Weight (EEW): ~99 g/eq (theoretical); actual EEW depends on purity
• Solubility: Soluble in common polar organic solvents (acetone, MEK, DMF, DMSO); sparingly soluble in water; insoluble in aliphatic hydrocarbons
• Density: Approximately 1.40 g/cm³ (review flag—verify from SDS)
• Vapor Pressure: Very low at ambient temperature (solid); dust generation is the primary exposure route

These properties guide formulation decisions such as solvent selection, processing temperature windows, and stoichiometric calculations when combining TGIC with carboxyl- or amine-functional co-reactants.

Ordering and Product Information

Aladdin Scientific supplies Triglycidyl Isocyanurate under SKU T102749. When ordering, consider the following:

• Purity and Grade: Confirm the certificate of analysis (CoA) for purity (typically reported as ≥98% or ≥99% by HPLC or titration), epoxy equivalent weight, and melting point range for your specific lot.
• Quantity: TGIC is available in laboratory quantities. Contact Aladdin Scientific for bulk pricing inquiries.
• Documentation: A current SDS is available on the product page and should be reviewed before receipt and use. For regulated jurisdictions, confirm SVHC/REACH compliance documentation requirements with your institution's EHS office.
• Shipping: TGIC is shipped as a solid. No special temperature-controlled shipping is typically required for short transit times, but confirm current shipping conditions with Aladdin Scientific at time of order.
• Returns and Quality Issues: If you receive material that does not meet specifications, contact Aladdin Scientific customer service with your order number and lot number. Refer to our Returns and Refunds policy for eligibility criteria.