Vinyl Acetate-Acrylic Emulsion (Vinyl Acrylic Emulsion): A Cost-Performance Balance Solution for Architectural Coatings
Vinyl Acetate-Acrylic Emulsion (Vinyl Acrylic Emulsion): A Cost-Performance Balance Solution for Architectural Coatings
1 What Is Vinyl Acrylic Emulsion?
1.1 Basic Definition
Vinyl acrylic emulsion, also commonly referred to as vinyl acetate-acrylic emulsion, generally refers to a waterborne copolymer emulsion prepared by emulsion polymerization, with vinyl acetate (VAc) and acrylate monomers as the main monomers.
In actual industrial products, vinyl acrylic emulsion does not necessarily contain only VAc and acrylate monomers. To improve adhesion, water resistance, emulsion stability, compatibility with pigments and fillers, or crosslinking capability, small amounts of functional monomers may also be introduced into the formulation. However, from the perspective of resin design, the core principle remains the same: VAc provides cost advantages, polar adhesion, and the basic resin backbone characteristics, while acrylate monomers are used to adjust film formation, flexibility, water resistance, scrub resistance, and a certain level of weatherability.
In architectural coatings, vinyl acrylic emulsion is mainly used as a film-forming and binding material. It is applied in interior wall coatings, project coatings, selected primers, and cost-sensitive architectural coating systems.
1.2 Positioning in Architectural Coatings
The value of vinyl acrylic emulsion lies in balancing cost, application properties, film formation, water resistance, scrub resistance, and a certain degree of weatherability.
Performance Direction | Role of Vinyl Acrylic Emulsion |
Cost | Usually lower than high-performance pure acrylic emulsions; suitable for project coatings and mid- to low-end architectural coatings |
Film formation | Capable of forming a continuous coating film and meeting the basic film-forming requirements of architectural coatings |
Adhesion | Provides good bonding to porous substrates such as putty layers, cement mortar, and gypsum board |
Water resistance | Usually better than ordinary polyvinyl acetate emulsions, but dependent on formulation design |
Scrub resistance | Easier to improve than ordinary low-end vinyl emulsions |
Weatherability | Usually better than ordinary PVAc, but lower than high-performance pure acrylic and silicone-acrylic systems |
Application properties | Suitable for brushing, roller coating, and spray application in waterborne architectural coatings |
Vinyl acrylic emulsion is a type of architectural coating emulsion positioned between ordinary polyvinyl acetate (PVAc) emulsion and pure acrylic emulsion. Compared with ordinary PVAc, it places greater emphasis on water resistance, scrub resistance, and a certain degree of weatherability; compared with pure acrylic emulsion, it places greater emphasis on cost adaptability.
2 Why Combine VAc with Acrylates?
2.1 VAc Provides Cost Advantages, Adhesion, and the Basic Resin Backbone
VAc is an important monomer in vinyl acrylic emulsion. Its main value lies in cost adaptability, adhesion to porous substrates, and construction of the copolymer resin backbone. The final film-forming performance of the emulsion still needs to be designed comprehensively by considering the soft/hard monomer ratio, Tg, MFFT, particle size, and coalescing agents.
Contribution of VAc | Significance for Architectural Coatings |
Good cost adaptability | Helps control costs in project coatings and mid- to low-end interior wall coatings |
Good adhesion to porous substrates | Helps the coating film bond with putty layers, cement mortar, paper-faced gypsum board, and other substrates |
Mature emulsion polymerization process | Suitable for large-scale production of waterborne architectural coatings |
Basic copolymer resin backbone | When combined with soft and hard acrylate monomers, it can meet the basic film-forming and decorative requirements of ordinary interior wall coatings |
Good compatibility with pigment and filler systems | Supports cost design in high-filler systems |
2.2 Acrylates Improve Water Resistance, Scrub Resistance, and Weatherability
There are many types of acrylate monomers, which can generally be divided into softer acrylate monomers and harder methacrylate monomers. Through different monomer combinations, the hardness, flexibility, water resistance, film-forming temperature, and weatherability of the polymer can be adjusted.
Glass transition temperature (Tg) is one of the important indicators for evaluating coating film hardness, flexibility, and low-temperature film-forming suitability.
Contribution of Acrylate Monomers | Effect on Architectural Coatings |
Improved hydrophobicity | Helps improve water resistance and wet film strength |
Tg adjustment | Balances low-temperature film formation, hardness, and flexibility |
Improved film density | Benefits scrub resistance and stain resistance |
Improved weatherability | Enhances stability against light exposure, oxidation, and outdoor aging |
Improved mechanical properties | Helps improve film strength, crack resistance, and abrasion resistance |
2.3 The Goal of Copolymerization Is Balance, Not Maximizing a Single Property
The copolymer design of vinyl acrylic emulsion is not intended to maximize one single performance property. Instead, the goal is to achieve acceptable overall performance in architectural coatings. Its design logic can be summarized as follows:
Design Objective | Method of Realization |
Cost control | Retain a certain proportion of VAc |
Improve water resistance | Introduce more hydrophobic acrylate monomers |
Improve scrub resistance | Improve film density and pigment/filler binding capability |
Adjust flexibility | Control Tg through the ratio of soft and hard monomers |
Improve weatherability | Use acrylic structures to improve aging stability |
Maintain application properties | Control minimum film-forming temperature (MFFT), particle size, and viscosity system |
If the VAc content is too high, the cost advantage is clear, but improvements in water resistance, scrub resistance, and weatherability will be limited. If the acrylate content is too high, performance will improve, but the cost will also approach that of pure acrylic systems. The technical focus of vinyl acrylic emulsion is to find a balance between these two aspects that matches the target coating grade.
3 Differences Between Vinyl Acrylic Emulsion and PVAc, VAE, and Pure Acrylic Emulsion
3.1 Difference Between Vinyl Acrylic Emulsion and PVAc: Retaining Adhesion Advantages While Improving Water Resistance and Scrub Resistance
Compared with ordinary PVAc emulsion, vinyl acrylic emulsion usually improves water resistance, scrub resistance, and a certain degree of weatherability by introducing acrylate monomers.
Item | PVAc Emulsion | Vinyl Acrylic Emulsion |
Cost | Relatively low | Usually higher than ordinary PVAc |
Adhesion | Good adhesion to porous substrates | Still has good compatibility with architectural substrates |
Water resistance | Relatively limited | Usually better |
Scrub resistance | Strongly affected by formulation | Easier to improve |
Weatherability | Clearly limited | Usually better than ordinary PVAc |
Suitable applications | Economical interior wall coatings, adhesives, putty | Mid- to low-end interior wall coatings, project coatings, selected modified architectural systems |
3.2 Difference Between Vinyl Acrylic Emulsion and VAE Emulsion: Different Modification Approaches and Different Performance Focuses
Vinyl acetate-ethylene emulsion (VAE) improves low-temperature film formation, flexibility, and low-VOC suitability by introducing ethylene units. Vinyl acrylic emulsion, by contrast, improves water resistance, scrub resistance, hardness, and a certain degree of weatherability by introducing acrylate monomers.
Item | VAE Emulsion | Vinyl Acrylic Emulsion |
Copolymerization method | Copolymerization of VAc and ethylene | Copolymerization of VAc and acrylate monomers |
Main modification objective | Low-temperature film formation, flexibility, low-VOC suitability | Water resistance, scrub resistance, hardness, and a certain degree of weatherability |
Typical indicators of concern | MFFT, flexibility, early film formation | Tg, water resistance, scrub resistance, PVC/CPVC suitability |
Suitable applications | Low-VOC interior wall coatings, project coatings, systems requiring higher flexibility | Mid- to low-end interior wall coatings, project coatings, systems with moderate scrub-resistance requirements |
It should be noted that VAE emulsion does not necessarily mean weak scrub resistance. Some VAE systems can also be used in interior wall coatings that require low VOC, low odor, and relatively high scrub resistance.
PVC: Pigment Volume Concentration
CPVC: Critical Pigment Volume Concentration
MFFT: Minimum Film Formation Temperature
3.3 Difference Between Vinyl Acrylic Emulsion and Pure Acrylic Emulsion: Better Cost Advantage, but Upper Limits in Weatherability and Durability
Pure acrylic emulsion usually refers to a waterborne emulsion mainly composed of acrylate or methacrylate monomers. Compared with vinyl acrylic emulsion, pure acrylic emulsion generally offers better weatherability, color retention, water resistance, and long-term durability, but its cost is also higher.
Item | Vinyl Acrylic Emulsion | Pure Acrylic Emulsion |
Cost | More cost-advantageous | Higher |
Water resistance | Moderate to good, depending on formulation | Usually better |
Scrub resistance | Can meet moderate requirements | Easier to achieve higher requirements |
Weatherability | Better than ordinary PVAc, but with an upper limit | Usually better |
Exterior wall suitability | Suitable for some low- to medium-requirement systems | More suitable for high-weatherability exterior wall coatings |
Typical positioning | Balance between cost and performance | High-weatherability and high-durability systems |
4 Application Positioning of Vinyl Acrylic Emulsion in Architectural Coatings
4.1 Interior Wall and Project Coatings: Main Application Areas
Typical applications of vinyl acrylic emulsion include interior wall coatings and project coatings. These coatings usually require controllable cost, stable application properties, good hiding power, a certain level of scrub resistance, basic water resistance, and storage stability. Suitable applications include:
Application Type | Reason for Suitability |
Project interior wall coatings | Good cost adaptability; more balanced performance than ordinary PVAc |
Mid- to low-end interior latex paints | Can improve scrub resistance and water resistance |
Matte interior wall coatings | Suitable for high pigment/filler systems, but PVC/CPVC must be controlled |
Ordinary scrub-resistant interior wall coatings | Wet-scrub performance can be improved through emulsion dosage and formulation design |
Low-odor architectural coatings | Can be used in low-odor and low-VOC formulation design, but MFFT, coalescing agents, residual monomers, ammonia/amine neutralizers, preservatives, and other additives must be considered comprehensively |
4.2 Primers and Sealing Systems: Conditional Applications
Vinyl acrylic emulsion can also be used in selected architectural primers or sealing systems, but this must be evaluated based on emulsion particle size, film formation, alkali resistance, penetration, and adhesion to the substrate. In primers, it can perform the following functions:
Function | Description |
Binding powdery substrates | Improves the surface strength of the substrate |
Reducing uneven water absorption | Reduces blooming and localized absorption differences in the topcoat |
Improving intercoat adhesion | Improves bonding between the topcoat and the substrate |
Improving film integrity | Reduces subsequent topcoat powdering, chalking, or localized peeling |
If the substrate is highly alkaline, the exterior environment is complex, or the sealing requirements are high, alkali resistance, wet adhesion, penetration, and sealing performance should be carefully verified.
4.3 Exterior Wall Systems: Use with Caution
Vinyl acrylic emulsion can be used in some exterior wall or project exterior wall systems with low to medium requirements. However, ordinary cost-balanced products should not be used as the default choice for high-weatherability exterior wall coatings. If used for exterior walls, products that have been designed and tested for exterior weatherability should be selected.
Exterior wall coatings are usually exposed to ultraviolet radiation, rain erosion, temperature cycling, hot and humid environments, substrate alkalinity, pollutant deposition, freeze-thaw cycling, and other conditions. Although vinyl acrylic emulsion has better weatherability potential than ordinary PVAc, ordinary cost-balanced vinyl acrylic emulsions are generally inferior to high-performance pure acrylic and silicone-acrylic systems in terms of long-term color retention, chalking resistance, high dirt-pickup resistance, and long-term outdoor durability.
5 Key Formulation Factors for Achieving Performance Balance
5.1 Tg and MFFT: Balancing Low-Temperature Film Formation and Hardness
The Tg and MFFT of vinyl acrylic emulsion directly affect low-temperature film formation, coating film hardness, flexibility, scrub resistance, and stain resistance.
Indicator | Possible Issues When Too High | Possible Issues When Too Low |
Tg | Difficult low-temperature film formation; whitening, cracking, or reduced water resistance of the coating film | Film becomes too soft, with insufficient stain resistance and blocking resistance |
MFFT | Low-temperature application is limited, requiring more coalescing agent | Film formation is easier, but early hardness may be insufficient |
Coalescing agent dosage | VOC and odor increase; drying becomes slower | Insufficient particle coalescence, reduced water resistance and scrub resistance |
Coalescing agents can help latex particles fuse, but they cannot compensate for all formulation problems. If the emulsion Tg does not match the target application, or if the application temperature is below the MFFT, incomplete film formation, reduced water resistance, or film whitening may still occur even when a coalescing agent is added.
One of the design challenges of vinyl acrylic emulsion is balancing low-temperature film-forming ability and coating film hardness. Interior wall coatings require good application properties and scrub resistance; project coatings must also consider cost, application window, and film-formation stability.
5.2 PVC/CPVC: Determining Whether Water Resistance and Scrub Resistance Can Be Realized
Vinyl acrylic emulsion is often used in cost-sensitive architectural coatings, where the proportion of pigments and fillers is usually high. In such cases, PVC/CPVC has a very significant impact on coating film performance.
Formulation Status | Coating Film Performance |
PVC significantly below CPVC | The coating film is relatively dense, with better water resistance and scrub resistance |
PVC close to CPVC | Cost and performance are relatively balanced, but the system is sensitive to emulsion dosage and application conditions |
PVC above CPVC | Film porosity increases, and water resistance, scrub resistance, and adhesion decrease |
5.3 Matching Emulsion Dosage with Pigments and Fillers
The performance advantages of vinyl acrylic emulsion need to be reflected through appropriate emulsion dosage. If the emulsion dosage is excessively reduced to lower cost, or if the filler content is greatly increased, the polymer cannot fully encapsulate and bind the pigments and fillers, and the coating film will become loose and porous. Factors requiring attention include:
Factor | Effect on the Coating Film |
Emulsion solids content | Affects the amount of effective film-forming material |
Emulsion dosage | Determines the bonding strength between pigments and fillers |
Filler oil absorption | Affects emulsion encapsulation and formulation demand |
Pigment/filler particle size | Affects packing density, hiding power, and surface strength |
Dispersant | Affects pigment/filler distribution and storage stability |
Thickening system | Affects application properties, leveling, and film uniformity |
Common problems in high-filler systems include powder loss during wet scrubbing, reduced water resistance, film whitening, insufficient surface strength, low scrub resistance, and easy penetration of stains into film pores. The application of vinyl acrylic emulsion should not pursue low cost alone. If the emulsion dosage is insufficient, its performance advantage over ordinary PVAc will be offset by the high-PVC formulation.
5.4 Trade-Offs Among Water Resistance, Scrub Resistance, and Stain Resistance
In architectural coatings, water resistance, scrub resistance, and stain resistance do not always improve simultaneously. The value of vinyl acrylic emulsion lies in overall balance, but trade-offs still need to be made according to the target coating grade.
Performance Target | Key Influencing Factors |
Improve water resistance | Emulsion hydrophobicity, film density, PVC/CPVC, drying and curing time |
Improve scrub resistance | Emulsion dosage, film integrity, pigment/filler binding, surface strength |
Improve stain resistance | Film hardness, surface density, hydrophilic-lipophilic balance, pigment/filler selection |
Maintain application properties | Viscosity system, open time, leveling, anti-spattering |
Control cost | Emulsion dosage, filler proportion, and coating grade positioning |
6 Selection Indicators and Application Limitations
6.1 Review Monomer Composition and Emulsion Positioning
Different vinyl acrylic emulsions have different ratios of VAc to acrylates, resulting in significant performance differences. When the VAc proportion is relatively high, the cost advantage is stronger, but improvements in water resistance, weatherability, and scrub resistance are limited. When the acrylate proportion is relatively high, performance is usually better, but cost also increases.
Indicator | Main Significance |
Monomer composition | Determines whether the emulsion is more cost-oriented or more performance-oriented |
Tg | Indicates hardness, flexibility, and film-forming window |
MFFT | Indicates low-temperature application suitability |
Solids content | Affects the amount of effective film-forming material |
Particle size | Affects film formation, penetration, adhesion, and pigment/filler compatibility |
pH | Affects storage stability and additive compatibility |
Recommended PVC range | Helps determine whether the emulsion is suitable for low-PVC, medium-PVC, or high-PVC formulations |
6.2 Determine Selection Priorities According to Coating Positioning
Different coating positions impose different requirements on emulsions. Economical interior wall coatings focus more on cost and basic film formation; project interior coatings focus more on batch stability and application suitability; mid-range interior coatings focus more on water resistance, scrub resistance, and surface strength; primers focus more on substrate adhesion and sealing; exterior wall systems require emphasis on weatherability, alkali resistance, and wet adhesion.
Coating Positioning | Main Objective | Selection Priorities | Problems to Avoid |
Economical interior wall coatings | Control cost and meet basic decorative and film-forming requirements | Solids content, cost, basic film formation, application properties, compatibility with hiding system | Excessively increasing PVC to reduce cost, resulting in loose film structure and powder loss during wet scrubbing |
Project interior wall coatings | Ensure stable application, batch stability, and basic scrub resistance | Batch stability, low odor, MFFT, application properties, basic water resistance and scrub resistance | Focusing only on price while ignoring low-temperature film formation and on-site application fluctuations |
Mid-range interior wall coatings | Improve scrub resistance, water resistance, and surface strength | Tg, MFFT, emulsion dosage, recommended PVC range, scrub-resistance and water-resistance data | Insufficient emulsion dosage, preventing scrub resistance and water resistance from being realized |
Ordinary primers | Improve substrate adhesion, sealing, and topcoat adhesion | Particle size, penetration, adhesion, alkali resistance, sealing performance | Pursuing penetration alone while ignoring film formation and alkali stability |
Low- to medium-requirement exterior wall coatings | Balance cost, water resistance, alkali resistance, and basic weatherability | Water resistance, alkali resistance, wet adhesion, weatherability, chalking resistance | Directly using vinyl acrylic emulsion as a high-weatherability exterior wall emulsion |
Among these factors, Tg and MFFT determine low-temperature film formation, hardness, and flexibility; solids content and emulsion dosage determine the amount of effective film-forming material; particle size affects film formation, penetration, and substrate adhesion; and the recommended PVC range helps determine whether the emulsion is suitable for economical high-filler systems or for formulations with higher requirements for water resistance and scrub resistance.
6.3 Application Boundary: Do Not Treat a Cost-Balanced Emulsion as a High-Performance Emulsion
The value of vinyl acrylic emulsion lies in balancing cost and performance. It can usually improve the shortcomings of ordinary PVAc systems in terms of water resistance, scrub resistance, and a certain degree of weatherability. However, it should not be simply equated with pure acrylic emulsion or high-weatherability exterior wall emulsion. In use, two types of misuse should be avoided:
Common Misuse | Possible Problems |
Increasing PVC too much to reduce cost | Film porosity increases, and water resistance, scrub resistance, adhesion, and surface strength decrease |
Using it directly in high-weatherability systems to reduce exterior wall cost | Under long-term UV exposure, rain, heat, humidity, and polluted environments, chalking, discoloration, insufficient stain resistance, or reduced wet adhesion may occur |
When vinyl acrylic emulsion is used in interior wall and project coatings, low-temperature film formation, water resistance, scrub resistance, and storage stability should be carefully verified. When it is used in exterior wall coatings or light-exposed environments, weatherability, alkali resistance, stain resistance, and wet adhesion should also be evaluated.
If the target product requires high color retention, high stain resistance, long-term chalking resistance, or high-durability exterior wall performance, it should be compared with pure acrylic, silicone-acrylic, and other emulsion systems with stronger weatherability.
7 Representative Chemical Categories Related to Vinyl Acrylic Emulsion Research
The following products are mainly used for laboratory synthesis, mechanism research, formulation screening, or performance evaluation. When selecting raw materials for industrial architectural coating production, factors such as the particle size, surface treatment, whiteness, oil absorption, batch-to-batch stability, regulatory requirements, and cost of coating-grade raw materials should also be comprehensively considered.
Table 1 Basic Vinyl and Acrylate Monomers
Category | CAS No. | Aladdin Cat. No. | Name | Specification or Purity | Product Features and Applications |
Vinyl monomer | 108-05-4 | Vinyl acetate | Chemically pure (CP), ≥98% | A basic monomer for vinyl acrylic emulsions, used in studies on cost, adhesion, and basic film-forming performance. | |
Carboxyl functional monomer | 79-10-7 | Acrylic acid | Anhydrous grade, ≥99%, containing 200 ppm MEHQ stabilizer | Used to introduce carboxyl groups; suitable for studies on emulsion stability, pigment/filler wetting, adhesion, and the impact on water resistance. The actual dosage should be controlled, as excessive use may increase the hydrophilicity of the coating film. | |
Carboxyl functional monomer | 79-41-4 | Methacrylic acid | Suitable for synthesis, stabilized with hydroquinone monomethyl ether | Used to adjust acid value, adhesion, alkali resistance, and the stability of emulsion copolymer systems. In actual formulations, attention should be paid to the balance among acid value, degree of neutralization, and water resistance. | |
Soft acrylate monomer | 140-88-5 | Ethyl acrylate | Chemically pure (CP), ≥98%, containing 20 ppm MEHQ stabilizer | Used to adjust emulsion flexibility, low-temperature film formation, and coating film toughness; suitable for copolymer research in architectural coatings. | |
Soft acrylate monomer | 141-32-2 | Butyl acrylate (BA) | Chemically pure (CP), ≥98%, containing 50 ppm MEHQ stabilizer | Used to reduce film-forming temperature and improve coating film flexibility and crack resistance; suitable for research on interior wall coating emulsions. | |
Methacrylate monomer | 97-88-1 | Butyl methacrylate (BMA) | ≥99%, containing MEHQ stabilizer | Used to adjust coating film hardness, flexibility, and water resistance; suitable for the design of vinyl acrylic copolymer systems. | |
Hard methacrylate monomer | 80-62-6 | Methyl methacrylate (MMA) | AR, ≥99%, containing 30 ppm DMBP stabilizer | Used to improve coating film hardness, surface strength, and scrub resistance; suitable for research on hard-monomer formulations in architectural emulsions. | |
Acrylate monomer | 96-33-3 | Methyl acrylate (MA) | AR, ≥98.5%, contains 0.05% MEHQ as stabilizer | Used to adjust film formation, hardness, and water resistance of copolymer emulsions; suitable for research on vinyl acrylic emulsion synthesis. | |
Soft acrylate monomer | 103-11-7 | 2-Ethylhexyl acrylate (2-EHA) | ≥99% (GC), contains 10–1100 ppm MEHQ as stabilizer | Used to improve coating film flexibility, low-temperature film formation, and crack resistance; suitable for research on flexible architectural coating emulsions. |
Table 2 Functional Monomers and Crosslinking Modification Components
Category | CAS No. | Aladdin Cat. No. | Name | Specification or Purity | Product Features and Applications |
Hydroxyl functional monomer | 868-77-9 | 2-Hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) | Anhydrous grade, ≥99%, containing 200 ppm MEHQ stabilizer, water ≤0.1% | Used to introduce hydroxyl reactive sites; suitable for research on crosslinked emulsions, adhesion, and water resistance. | |
Carboxyl functional monomer | 97-65-4 | Itaconic acid | Chemically pure (CP), ≥99% | Used to introduce dicarboxyl groups; suitable for research on emulsion stability, adhesion, and alkali resistance. The actual dosage should be comprehensively evaluated in relation to emulsion stability, water resistance, and film-forming performance. | |
Amide functional monomer | 79-06-1 | A108470 | Acrylamide | Moligand™, for electrophoresis, ≥99% | Used to improve emulsion stability, bonding strength, and coating film cohesion; suitable for research on waterborne copolymer systems. |
Crosslinking functional monomer | 924-42-5 | N-Methylolacrylamide solution | 48 wt.% in H₂O | Used in self-crosslinking emulsion systems; suitable for studies on improving water resistance, scrub resistance, and wet strength. | |
Crosslinking auxiliary component | 1071-93-8 | Adipic dihydrazide (ADH) | ≥99% (HPLC) | Used in combination with carbonyl functional monomers; suitable for research on room-temperature crosslinking, water resistance, and coating film strength. | |
Carbonyl functional monomer | 2873-97-4 | Diacetone acrylamide (DAAM) | ≥99% | Used in carbonyl-crosslinked emulsion systems; suitable for research on water resistance, scrub resistance, and wet adhesion performance. | |
Epoxy functional monomer | 106-91-2 | Glycidyl methacrylate | ≥97%, containing 100 ppm MEHQ stabilizer | Used to introduce epoxy reactive sites; suitable for research on adhesion, crosslinking modification, and reactive emulsions. | |
Hydroxyl functional monomer | 818-61-1 | H104535 | 2-Hydroxyethyl acrylate | ≥96%, contains 200–600 ppm MEHQ as inhibitor | Used to introduce hydroxyl groups; suitable for research on crosslinked emulsions, substrate adhesion, and coating film water resistance. |
Table 3 Emulsion Polymerization, Emulsification Stabilization, and Coalescing Additives
Category | CAS No. | Aladdin Cat. No. | Name | Specification or Purity | Product Features and Applications |
Protective colloid | 9002-89-5 | Mowiol® PVA-124 Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA) | Viscosity: 54–66 mPa·s | Used in protective colloid systems for vinyl emulsion polymerization; suitable for research on particle size control, emulsion stability, and film strength. | |
Emulsion polymerization initiator | 7727-21-1 | Potassium persulfate | Premium grade, ≥99.5% | Used in waterborne free-radical emulsion polymerization; suitable for research on vinyl acrylic copolymerization, conversion rate, and particle size control. | |
Emulsion polymerization initiator | 7727-54-0 | Ammonium persulfate (APS) | PrimorTrace™, ≥99.99% metals basis | Used in emulsion polymerization initiation systems; suitable for research on high-purity copolymerization reactions, residual metal control, and polymerization kinetics. | |
Antifreeze co-solvent | 57-55-6 | 1,2-Propanediol | AR, ≥99% | Used in waterborne architectural coatings for antifreeze protection, moisture retention, and application stability; suitable for low-temperature storage and film-formation experiments. | |
Anionic emulsifier | 25155-30-0 | Sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (SDBS) | Anion active matter, 85% | Used in emulsion polymerization and waterborne dispersion systems; suitable for research on emulsification stability, pigment/filler wetting, and particle size adjustment. | |
Coalescing agent | 25265-77-4 | 2,2,4-Trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol monoisobutyrate | ≥99% | Used to adjust the film-forming window of emulsions; suitable for research on minimum film-forming temperature, coating film density, and scrub resistance. |
Table 4 Pigments, Fillers, and Film Structure Modifiers for Architectural Coatings
Category | CAS No. | Aladdin Cat. No. | Name | Specification or Purity | Product Features and Applications |
Filler | 1332-58-7 | Kaolin | Filler grade, whiteness ≥85% | Used in filler systems for architectural coatings; suitable for studies on hiding assistance, coating film porosity, application feel, and cost-oriented formulations. | |
White pigment | 13463-67-7 | Titanium dioxide | AR, ≥99% | Used for evaluating hiding power, whiteness, and coating film appearance in architectural coatings. For industrial coating selection, crystal form, surface treatment, particle size distribution, dispersibility, and weatherability should also be considered. | |
Filler | 14807-96-6 | T109494 | Talc powder | 800 mesh | Used to adjust coating film feel, filling properties, and pigment volume concentration; suitable for research on interior wall coating formulations. |
Filler | 471-34-1 | Calcium carbonate | ≥99.995% metals basis | Used for research on filling, pigment volume concentration, and coating film structure in architectural coatings. For industrial coating selection, particle size, whiteness, oil absorption, surface treatment, and cost compatibility should also be considered. |
Note: The above are representative Aladdin products. For more product specifications, please search by “product name/CAS/catalog number” on the Aladdin official website.
References
[1] StanChem. Vinyl Acrylic Latex Products. StanChem Product Information.
[2] Celanese. Avicor® Vinyl Acrylic Emulsion. Celanese Product Information.
[3] PCI Magazine. Scrub Resistance of Latex Paints. PCI Magazine Technical Article.
[4] Dow. ROVACE™ 10 Vinyl Acrylic Emulsion Technical Data Sheet. Dow Technical Data Sheet.
[5] GB/T 9755-2024. Synthetic Resin Emulsion Wall Coatings.
[6] ISO 11998:2006. Paints and varnishes — Determination of wet-scrub resistance and cleanability of coatings.
[7] ASTM D2486. Standard Test Methods for Scrub Resistance of Wall Paints.
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