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β-半乳糖苷酶能够分解对-硝基苯-β-D-吡喃半乳糖苷生成对-硝基苯酚,对-硝基苯酚在400 nm处具有特征吸收峰,β-半乳糖苷酶抑制剂加入后通过抑制其活性从而减少对-硝基苯酚的生成,下降幅度直接反映样品的抑制能力强弱,通过吸光值变化即可表征对β-半乳糖苷酶活性的抑制能力,结果通常以抑制率或IC₅₀值表示。
β-Galactosidase hydrolyzes p-nitrophenyl-β-D-galactopyranoside to release p-nitrophenol, which exhibits a characteristic absorbance peak at 400 nm. Upon addition of β-galactosidase inhibitors, the enzyme activity is suppressed, resulting in a reduction in p-nitrophenol production. The decrease in absorbance directly reflects the inhibitory potency of the sample. The inhibitory effect on β-galactosidase activity can be characterized by measuring the change in absorbance, and the results are typically expressed as inhibition rate or IC₅₀ value.