HDAC-IN-62 (Compound 5) a HDAC inhibitor, with IC 50 s of 0.78, 1.0, 1.2? μM for HDAC6/8/11 respectively. HDAC-IN-62 inhibits-induced microglial activation by the initiation of autophagy , and inhibits nitric oxide production. HDAC-IN-62 has anti-inflammatory and anti-depressant effects. HDAC-IN-62 inhibits microglial activation in mouse brain.