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高密度脂蛋白为血清蛋白之一，主要由肝脏合成，运载周围组织中的胆固醇，再转化为胆汁酸或直接通过胆汁从肠道排出，是一种抗动脉粥样硬化的血浆脂蛋白，是冠心病的保护因子，俗称“血管清道夫”，对冠心病的临床诊断是一个重要的参考指标。 测定原理：用沉淀剂分离血清中的高密度脂蛋白胆固醇，利用酯酶催化胆固醇酯水解生成游离胆固醇和游离脂肪酸，从而把胆固醇酯转化为FC；进一步利用胆固醇氧化酶催化FC氧化，生成△4-胆甾烯酮和H₂O₂；再利用过氧化物酶催化H₂O₂氧化4-氨基安替比林和酚，生成红色醌类化合物；在500 nm有特征吸收峰。
High-density lipoprotein is one of the serum proteins, mainly synthesized by the liver. It transports cholesterol from peripheral tissues, which is then converted into bile acids or directly excreted from the intestines via bile. As an anti-atherogenic plasma lipoprotein and a protective factor against coronary heart disease, it is commonly known as the "vascular scavenger." It serves as an important reference indicator for the clinical diagnosis of coronary heart disease. Testing Principle: A precipitating agent is used to isolate high-density lipoprotein cholesterol from serum. Cholesterol ester is hydrolyzed into free cholesterol and free fatty acids under the catalysis of esterase, thereby converting cholesterol ester into FC. Subsequently, cholesterol oxidase catalyzes the oxidation of FC to produce △4-cholestenone and H₂O₂. Finally, peroxidase catalyzes the oxidation of 4-aminoantipyrine and phenol by H₂O₂ to generate red quinone compounds, which exhibit a characteristic absorption peak at 500 nm.
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