Characterization of key aroma compounds in Chinese smoked duck by SAFE-GC-O-MS and aroma-recombination experiments

Smoked duck is a popular meat product in China. The aroma profile and key aroma compounds in smoked ducks were elucidated using solvent-assisted flavor evaporation-gas chromatography–olfactometry-mass spectrometry (SAFE-GC-O-MS), odor activity values (OAVs), aroma recombination and omission experiments, and sensory evaluation. The results indicated that the predominant aroma profiles of rice-, tea oil- and sugarcane-smoked ducks all contained strong smoky, roasty, fatty, meaty, and grassy aromas. A total of 31 aroma compounds were identified as important odorants by OAVs, including 8 aldehydes, 6 pyrazines, 5 phenols, and 2 sulfur compounds. The aroma recombination and omission experiments confirmed that 13 odorants were key aroma compounds in smoked ducks. Of these odorants, 2-methoxyphenol, 4-methylphenol, 5-ethyl-2,3-dimethylpyrazine, methional, 2-methyl-3-furanthiol, ( E, E )-2,4-decadienal, 1-octen-3-ol, and anethole significantly contributed to the aroma profile of smoked duck flavor ( p  < 0.01).