Research on fire retardant lignin phenolic carbon foam with preferable smoke suppression performance

In this work, a lignin phenolic carbon foam (LCF) with preferable smoke suppression performance was fabricated by substitute 10 wt.% and 30 wt.% phenol with modified lignin in the traditional process. The result showed that the LCF 600 s (LCFs carbonized at 600℃) with different lignin percentages showed better smoke suppression performance than the traditional phenolic carbon foam (CF 600 ). The peak smoke production rate (pSPR) and total smoke release (TSR) of LCF 600 s decreased by 6.90%∼48.28% and 80.91%∼96.28%, and the peak CO production rate and CO yield decreased by 41.17%∼70.59% and 53.80%∼77.79%, respectively. Besides, LCF 1-10-600  and LCF 2-30-600  displayed the best smoke suppression performance (0020, 0.0015 m 2 /s of pSPR and 0.61, 2.76 m 2 /m 2  of TSR, respectively). Since the introduced modified lignin significantly increased the amount of benzene rings in the forms, the degree of graphitization of the resulted carbon foams greatly improved, leading to better smoke suppression performance. Furthermore, the added lignin facilitated the preservation of the carbon layer, resulting in reducing smoke production consequently.