In-situ concentration measurement of soluble-soluble redox couple in molten chlorides utilizing intense natural convection effect

Herein we reported the in-situ electrochemical concentration measurement of soluble-soluble redox species (Eu 3+ /Eu 2+ and Sm 3+ /Sm 2+ ) in molten LiCl-KCl, based on the notable natural convection in molten salts. The combined simulation and experiments confirmed the presence of strong natural convection, which resulted in steady-state current in cyclic voltammetry tests at low scan rates. Interestingly, this natural convection effects offered a novel and simple way to calculate the diffusion coefficient and concentration ratio of soluble redox species.