Comprehensive evaluation of chiral sedaxane with four stereoisomers for risk reduction: Bioactivity, toxicity, and stereoselective dissipation in crop planting systems

A comprehensive evaluation of chiral pesticide at the stereoisomeric level is an effective strategy to improve efficiency and reduce risk on foods. For chiral sedaxane with four stereoisomers , there were 517–1013 fold differences in bioactivity for three kinds of phytopathogens and 3.73 fold differences in toxicity against model organism ( Danio rerio ) between the best ( trans -1 R 2 S -sedaxane) and worst stereoisomer ( cis -1 S 2 S -sedaxane). Trans -1 R 2 S -sedaxane had the strongest affinity with the active site than other stereoisomers, which might contribute to the highest bioactivity. Trans -sedaxane was 28.2–331 fold more effective than cis -sedaxane. The dissipation half-lives of sedaxane stereoisomers ranged from 3.28 to 30.7 d in the test crops and soils. Trans -1 S 2 R -sedaxane and cis -1 S 2 S -sedaxane were preferentially dissipated in corn plants, while the preferential dissipation of trans -1 R 2 S -sedaxane was found in wheat plants, potato plants and corn soil. The preferential dissipation of trans -sedaxane in corn plants, wheat plants, potato plants and corn soil would be environmentally friendly.