Activities of Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3@C core-shell composites in piezo-photocatalytic degradation of tetracycline antibiotic

The Na 0.5 Bi 0.5 TiO 3 and Na 0.5 Bi 0.5 TiO 3 @C core-shell catalysts were synthesized successfully using the solvothermal method. A few of Ti 4+ was reduced to Ti 3+ with the help of glucose in the solvothermal process, which results in the formation of oxygen vacancies in the NBT@C catalysts. Meanwhile, the excessive glucose was carbonized, which accumulated on the surface of Na 0.5 Bi 0.5 TiO 3 and formed Na 0.5 Bi 0.5 TiO 3 @C core-shell composites. The phase, microstructure, optical and piezoelectric properties , as well as the catalytic activities of the synthesized catalysts were characterized. The Na 0.5 Bi 0.5 TiO 3 @C core-shell composites show higher photocatalytic activity that of pure Na 0.5 Bi 0.5 TiO 3 on account of more visible light absorbance. And the piezo-photocatalytic activities to tetracycline of the synthesized catalysts are highest due to the synergetic effects of photocatalysis and piezocatalysis.