Magnetic covalent organic frameworks for extraction and determination of endocrine-disrupting chemicals in beverage and water samples

BACKGROUND Phenolic endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are widespread and easily ingested through the food chain. They pose a serious threat to human health. Magnetic solid-phase extraction (MSPE) is an effective sample pre-treatment technology to determine traces of phenolic EDCs. RESULTS Magnetic covalent organic framework (COF) (Fe 3 O 4 @COF) nanospheres were prepared and characterized. The efficient and selective extraction of phenolic EDCs relies on a large specific surface and the inherent porosity of COFs and hydrogen bonding, π–π, and hydrophobic interactions between COF shells and phenolic EDCs. Under optimal conditions, the proposed magnetic solid-phase extraction-high-performance liquid chromatography–ultra violet (MSPE-HPLC-UV) based on the metallic covalent organic framework method for phenolic EDCs shows good linearities (0.002–6 μg mL −1 ), with R 2 of 0.995 or higher, and low limits of detection (6–1.200 ng mL −1 ). CONCLUSION Magnetic covalent organic frameworks (Fe 3 O 4 @COFs) with good MSPE performance for phenolic EDCs were synthesized by the solvothermal method. The magnetic covalent organic framework-based MSPE-HPLC-UV method was applied successfully to determine phenolic EDCs in beverage and water samples with satisfactory recoveries (90.200%–123%) and relative standard deviations (2.100%–12.100%). © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.