Fabrication of superhydrophilic porous carbon materials through a porogen-free method: Surface and structure modification promoting the two-electron oxygen reduction activity

Hypothesis Electrochemical manufacture of H 2 O 2 through the two-electron oxygen reduction reaction (2e – ORR), providing prospects of the distributed production of H 2 O 2 in remote regions, is considered a promising alternative to the energy-intensive anthraquinone oxidation process . Experiments In this study, one glucose-derived oxygen-enriched porous carbon material (labeled as HGC 500 ) is developed through a porogen-free strategy integrating structural and active site modification. Findings The superhydrophilic surface and porous structure together promote the mass transfer of reactants and accessibility of active sites in the aqueous reaction, while the abundant C O species (e.g., aldehyde groups) are taken for the main active site to facilitate the 2e – ORR catalytic process. Benefiting from the above merits, the obtained HGC 500 possesses superior performance with a selectivity of 92 % and mass activity of 43.6 A g cat –1 at 0.65 V ( vs. RHE). Besides, the HGC 500 can operate steadily for 12 h with the accumulation of H 2 O 2 reaching up to 4090±71 ppm and a Faradic efficiency of 95 %. The H 2 O 2 generated from the electrocatalytic process in 3 h can degrade a variety of organic pollutants (10 ppm) in 4–20 min, displaying the potential in practical applications.