In-situ generated Ni/Ni3Si to enhance electromagnetic wave absorption properties of Ni/PDCs/biomass ceramic composites

In recent years, electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorbing materials derived from biomass materials have been widely concerned because of their light weight and high efficiency. Here, Ni/PDCs/biomass ceramic composites absorbing material was prepared by a simple suspension impregnation-in-situ reduction carbonization process and polymer-derived ceramics (PDCs) with peanut shell as the absorbing matrix and NiO doped in polysiloxane as the precursor solution. The synergistic effect of Ni/PDCs could effectively adjust the impedance matching of the composite, and the BET results shown that the prepared Ni/PDCs/biomass ceramic composites had a hierarchical porous structure, which could not only provide a large number of heterogeneous interfaces, but also enhance the interface polarization, dipole polarization and multiple reflection loss of the absorbing material. The sample of NPP-1 possessed good EMW absorbing performance when the content of NiO was 1 % and the filler was 50 %, the minimum reflection loss (RL min ) reached − 66.38 dB at 1.74 mm, and the effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) was 3.54 GHz (14.46–18 GHz) at 1.45 mm. In this work, the electromagnetic parameters of biomass materials were adjusted by polymer conversion ceramics and metal oxides , which provided another feasible scheme for enhancing the absorbing properties of biomass materials.