Bifunctional Liquid Metals Allow Electrical Insulating Phase Change Materials to Dual-Mode Thermal Manage the Li-Ion Batteries

The phase change materials possess conformable configuration to the structure of Li-ion batteries in macro-scale and multidirectional thermal pathways for rapid and uniform heat transfer in micro-scale. Hierarchically structured phase change materials achieve dual-mode thermal management ability for heating and cooling Li-ion batteries. Excellent practical battery thermal management performance was verified by 18,650 Li-ion batteries in both cold and hot environments.