Novel molecularly imprinted phenolic resin–dispersive filter extraction for rapid determination of perfluorooctanoic acid and perfluorooctane sulfonate in milk

Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) are emerging pollutants that threaten food safety. Herein, a rapid, accurate, and selective method for determination of PFOA and PFOS in milk was established by using new molecularly imprinted phenolic resin (MIP-PR) as the adsorbent of dispersive filter extraction (DFE) combined with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). MIP-PR was synthesized at room-temperature using m-aminophenol, glutaraldehyde, and perfluorononanoic acid as the monomers, cross-linkers, and virtual templates, respectively, and exhibited rapid mass transfer (30 s), high selectivity (imprinted factors > 3.7), and large adsorption capacity (>54.6 mg/g). Compared with reported methods, the developed MIP-PR–DFE method is fast, selective, inexpensive, and shows good purification and enrichment efficiency. The proposed MIP-PR–DFE–LC-MS/MS exhibited low limits of detection (0.006–0.022 ng/mL), high recoveries (94.7–109 %), and good precision (RSDs ≤ 9.5 %). This study provides a new idea for the development of imprinted resin adsorbents for perfluorinated compound, and a new method for sample pretreatment for monitoring of PFOA and PFOS in food.