Liquid-liquid equilibrium of systems encountered in glycerol transesterification with dimethyl carbonate

Glycerol carbonate is a value-added glycerol derivative, which can be obtained by transesterification with dimethyl carbonate. Phase splitting and merging exist in the transesterification due to the low solubilities of glycerol with dimethyl carbonate. The isobaric liquid-liquid equilibrium data for two ternary systems (glycerol – dimethyl carbonate – glycerol carbonate/methanol) and one quaternary system (glycerol – dimethyl carbonate – glycerol carbonate – methanol) involved in the glycerol transesterification were measured at reaction relevant temperatures (333.2, 353.2, 373.2, and 393.2 K) and 1.5 MPa. The equilibrium data were correlated using the NRTL model to calculate activity coefficients, with temperature-dependent interaction parameters, which were estimated through data regression and validated by checking the consistency of the Gibbs free energy. The NRTL model with the regressed parameters could reproduce the phase equilibrium trends of all the studied systems.