Correlation between phase structure and polarization of Mg doped (Ba0.98Li0.02)TiO3 energy storage ceramics

Mg doped (Ba 0.98 Li 0.02 )TiO 3 energy storage ceramics with antiferroelectric-like double hysteresis loops were prepared using solid-state reaction method. XRD patterns indicated that tetragonal phase structure of the pure (Ba 0.98 Li 0.02 )TiO 3 ceramic was destroyed and the orthorhombic phase structure appeared with Mg doping. The ratio of orthorhombic/tetragonal phase increased with Mg content increasing, and the value of polarization was in direct proportion to the ratio of orthorhombic/tetragonal phase. The breakdown strength of (Ba 0.98 Li 0.02 )(Mg x Ti 1− x )O 3 ceramics was improved from 60.97 kV/cm at x  = 0 to 103.66 kV/cm at x  = 0.04. The optimum energy storage properties of (Ba 0.98 Li 0.02 )(Mg x Ti 1− x )O 3 ceramics were obtained with energy storage density of 0.76 J/cm 3 at 102.5 kV/cm when x  = 0.04, which is nearly 2.3 times larger than the pure (Ba 0.98 Li 0.02 )TiO 3 ceramic, and the energy storage efficiency was improved from 64 to 87%.