Nucleation and Growth Behaviors of Nickel Coating by Jet Electrodeposition under the Combined Effect of Convection and Vertical Distribution

The nucleation and growth of Ni2+ during the jet electrodeposition process are crucial for the quality of nickel coating. Based on the vertical distribution of electrodes, we set up a three-electrode device with flow injection to further investigate the nanocluster formation of Ni2+ corresponding to traditional, vertical, and jet electrodeposition. Different nanocluster deposition models are established and combined with the results of fitting analysis based on different electrodeposition processes. Meanwhile, the nucleation and growth behaviors of Ni2+ electrodeposition with convection and charge distribution, which vary at different electrodeposition conditions, can be further achieved. Finally, the morphological structure of surface coatings via traditional, vertical, and jet electrodeposition is analyzed to prove the nucleation and growth processes. These results provide both a theoretical and experimental basis for the preparation of nickel coatings.