Preparation of novel biochar containing graphene from waste bamboo with high methylene blue adsorption capacity

Biochar containing graphene (BCG) was synthesized using the precursor of bamboo biomass and K 2 CO 3 as the activating agent utilizing microwave heating with short duration. The biochar had a typical graphene structure with abundant micropore and extremely high surface area up to 1565 m 2 /g. The activating agent K 2 CO 3 played an important role in the catalytic graphitization , facilitating transformation of amorphous carbon into graphene like carbon. The adsorption experiment exhibited an excellent adsorption capacity of BCG for methylene blue (MB), with a maximum adsorption capacity of 1100 mg/g. The adsorption process was governed both by physical and chemical adsorption . The work further presents the mechanism of activation, adsorption isotherms , adsorption kinetics , adsorption thermodynamics. The experimental resulted proved the successful and fast preparation methodology for graphene contained carbon materials by microwave heating.