Convergent Fabrication of Allicin Loaded Polymeric Nanoparticles for Treatment of In Vitro Squamous Carcinoma Cells and Systemic Toxicity

Squamous carcinoma (SCC) is one of the most common types of cancer in the world. The increasing rates of industrialization and the subsequent environmental changes have aggravated the issue of skin cancer. The stern topical barrier is impaired in diseases like skin cancer while challenging to break. Chemotherapy and surgery are no longer the only ways to treat skin cancers. Hence, we effectively developed allicin-loaded poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles (NPs), designated as Allicin@NPs, for the treatment of in vitro squamous carcinoma cells has been developed. The Allicin@NPs characterization of the morphology investigation was assessed by the high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. Hydrodynamic parameters and zeta potential were investigated using the dynamic light scattering technique. The in vitro MTT analysis has displayed a substantial inhibition effect of Allicin@NPs on squamous carcinoma cells (B16F10 and A431 cells), and the proliferation of the cells was examined by EdU staining methods. Furthermore, morphological examination of the SCC cells was confirmed by ethidium bromide and acridine orange and Hoechst 33342 nuclear staining methods. The mechanism of apoptosis was further investigated by flow cytometry analysis. Notably, Allicin@NPs have proved that the dramatically improved animal model systemic toxicity profiles of the Allicin is recognized as potential candidates for SCC therapy employing these Allicin@NPs and needs further investigation.