A novel terbium (III) and aptamer-based probe for label-free detection of three fluoroquinolones in honey and water samples

Fluoroquinolones, a family of synthetic broad-spectrum antibiotics, are widely used in clinical medicine, farm animals and aquaculture. Residues of fluoroquinolones in samples have attracted much attention because of growing food safety and public health concerns. Here, a novel Tb 3+ ion-enrofloxacin aptamer coordination probe was prepared to develop a sensitive and rapid label-free fluorescence assay for specific detection three fluoroquinolones. In presence of the target, Tb 3+ ion- enrofloxacin aptamer probe specifically bound with enrofloxacin, norfloxacin and ciprofloxacin , leading to a sharp increase in fluorescence emission of the probe. Under the optimized conditions, fluorescence increased linearly in the 1.0–100.0 ng/mL range for the three fluoroquinolones, with 0.053 ng/mL limit of detection for ciprofloxacin, 0.020 ng/mL limit of detection for norfloxacin and 0.061 ng/mL limit of detection for enrofloxacin. Satisfactory recovery (80.10–102.48%) in spiked honey and water samples were obtained for the three fluoroquinolones with relative standard deviations between 0.21% and 5.44% (n = 3).